Black Women and the Abolition of Slavery

â€Å"Rachel Weeping for Her Children†: Black Women and the Abolition of Slavery by Margaret Washington Photograph of Sojourner Truth, 1864. (Gilder Lehrman Collection) During the period paving the way to the Civil War, dark ladies everywhere throughout the North involved a sturdy yet now to a great extent overlooked abolitionist armed force. In bunch ways, these race-cognizant ladies attempted to carry quick liberation toward the South. Abolitionist subjugation Northern dark ladies felt the sting of abuse personally.Like the slaves, they also were survivors of shading partiality; some had been conceived in Northern servitude; others had relatives despite everything oppressed; and many communicated day by day with self-liberated individuals who continually dreaded being brought south back. Abolitionist subjugation ladies, for example, Sojourner Truth and Harriet Tubman were just the most popular of the abolitionists. Before both of these champions went ahead the scene and befo re abolitionist servitude was a sorted out development, dark ladies in nearby Northern people group had discreetly gone to activism through their congregation work, scholarly social orders, and generous organizations.These ladies discovered time for political activism in the middle of overseeing family units, bringing up kids, and working. In the late 1820s, Zion’s African Methodist Episcopal Church in New York City, Bethel Methodist Episcopal Church in Philadelphia, and the African Meetinghouse in Boston were focuses of female abolitionist bondage movement. Dark ladies broadcasted that their motivation was â€Å"let the mistreated go free. † They composed bazaars to advance the acquisition of merchandise produced using free work, met in sewing circles to make apparel for those escaping servitude, and fund-raised for Freedom’s Journal, the nation’s first dark newspaper.In 1830, when Boston manager William Lloyd Garrison proposed his concept of distributin g a paper dedicated exclusively to prompt liberation, a board of trustees of dark ladies started raising assets for it. The principal duplicate of the Liberator showed up on January 1, 1831, with solid money related support from dark ladies. At their scholarly society gatherings, dark ladies changed from perusing European works of art to examining the Liberator and abolitionist subjugation handouts, and welcoming male speakers to clarify the shades of malice of slavery.Throughout the 1830s, dark ladies connected intensely in activism. They pledged to â€Å"heed the subjugated mothers’ weep for youngsters torn away† and assigned their abodes as â€Å"free homes† for those escaping servitude. For instance, Hester Lane of New York City, an effective dark business visionary, utilized her home as an Underground Railroad station. Path likewise ventured out south to buy oppressed youngsters whom she liberated and instructed. Mary Marshall’s Colored Sailorsâ€⠄¢ Boarding Home was another occupied sanctuary.Marshall watched out for exiles from servitude, and was resolved that â€Å"No one who had the fortitude to begin ought to neglect to arrive at the objective. † Other dark ladies sorted out request drives, composed abolitionist subjugation verse, facilitated voyaging abolitionists, and sorted out fairs. By 1832, dark ladies had framed the main female abolitionist servitude society in Salem, Massachusetts. They additionally held official workplaces in biracial female abolitionist subjection social orders in Philadelphia, Boston, and elsewhere.Anti-servitude dark men demanded that dark ladies work just off camera, however ladies now and then would not do as such. In New York City, a gathering of dark ladies stood up to white experts in a court where a few self-liberated ladies were going to be come back to servitude. Dark men blamed the female dissenters for bringing â€Å"everlasting disgrace and remorse† upon the dark net work and upon themselves. In 1831, dark ladies in Boston sorted out the African American Female Intelligence Society. This association turned into a discussion for Maria Stewart, the main lady to talk openly against slavery.Stewart announced that she was called by God to address the issues of dark liberation and the privileges of dark ladies. â€Å"We guarantee our rights,† she declared, â€Å"as ladies and men,† and â€Å"we are not terrified of them that execute the body. † Stewart additionally distributed a flyer in the Liberator for the benefit of dark ladies and the subjugated, yet Boston’s dark male network controlled Stewart for her open articulations and constrained her into quietness. She before long left the city. Despite the fact that she never again talked openly, she stayed dynamic through women’s associations and conventions.She joined other dark ladies who held office, filled in as agents, and in any case partook in the biracial wome n’s abolitionist subjection shows in 1837, 1838, and 1839. The abolitionist servitude development took an increasingly dynamic turn during the 1840s, when the American Anti-Slavery Society (Garrisonians) invited ladies as officeholders and speakers. Most dark ladies proceeded with their peaceful abolitionist bondage work, yet some were blunt. The primary dark lady to take the open stage for the American Anti-Slavery Society was Sojourner Truth.Born into bondage in 1797 among the Hudson Valley Dutch and liberated in adulthood, Truth was at that point known as a minister when she joined the Garrisonians in 1844. She made abolitionist bondage discourses all through New England, and in 1845, gave her first location at the American Anti-Slavery Society’s yearly show. Sojourner Truth got referred to from Maine to Michigan as a well known and highlighted abolitionist bondage speaker. Truth distributed a Narrative of her life and utilized the returns to buy a home and fund her abolitionist work. Another flood of radicalism happened in 1850 with the entry of the Fugitive Slave Law.It declared that any resident could be enrolled in the administration of a slaveholder to catch a subjugated individual, and it invalidated the individual social liberties that a state ensured its residents, including those once in the past oppressed. That equivalent year, Harriet Tubman, a thirty-year-old self-liberated Marylander, started resisting the Fugitive Slave Law by driving subjugated men, ladies, and kids out of the South. With slave catchers prowling all over the place and a cost on her head, Tubman securely directed her charges through the Northern states and on to Canada.Mary Ann Shadd (Cary) was a quarter century old freeborn teacher when the Fugitive Slave Law was passed. Propelled by her dad, whom she portrayed as a â€Å"chief breakman† on the Delaware Underground Railroad, Shadd before long moved to Canada and set up herself as an aggressor abolitionist , powerful emigrationist, and the primary dark lady paper editorial manager (of the Provincial Freeman). In 1854, twenty-eight-year-old Frances Ellen Watkins (Harper) joined Sojourner Truth on the Garrisonian address circuit. Naturally introduced to an all around associated Baltimore family, Watkins was a writer and teacher.She was brought into the abolitionist battle by the Kansas-Nebraska Act, which cancelled the limitations on subjugation in the rest of the domains procured under the Louisiana Purchase. Watkins went all through the Midwest, some of the time with Sojourner Truth. Watkins talked expressively of the wrongs caused upon her kin; she sold her books of verse at abolitionist bondage addresses and utilized the returns to help the Underground Railroad. In 1858, Watkins joined dark male pioneers in Detroit and drove a huge gathering of irate residents in raging the jailhouse.The bunch endeavored to expel from defensive care a dark â€Å"traitor† to their motivation, who had planned to uncover the activities of the Underground Railroad. Regardless of the Fugitive Slave Law, the Underground Railroad remained the â€Å"heart’s blood† of dark obstruction. Dark lady abolitionists assumed an indispensable job in this work. They were regularly the ones who captured evacuees; who furnished them with food, garments, cover, social insurance, and otherworldly and mental solace; and who guided them to the following station. Ladies at times stood up to slave catchers and ruffians, who were frequently directly behind the â€Å"fugitives. Caroline Loguen, the spouse of Syracuse, New York, abolitionist the Reverend Jermain Loguen, addressed numerous a 12 PM thump during her husband’s visit nonappearances. When she and her sister effectively warded off slave catchers endeavoring to enter her home in quest for â€Å"fugitives. † In 1858, Anna Murray Douglass, spouse of dark pioneer Frederick Douglass, facilitated John Brown, the reno wned white abolitionist, for a month. Earthy colored was secluded from everything subsequent to having been accused of killing star subjugation ranchers in Missouri. In the Douglass home, Brown culminated his arrangements for the strike on Harpers Ferry.In a 1859 gathering with Brown in Maryland not long before the ambush on Harpers Ferry, Douglass gave him ten dollars from the spouse of a Brooklyn couple, the J. N. Gloucesters, who like Douglass himself were near Brown. Alongside the cash, Mrs. Gloucester â€Å"sent her all the best. † When Brown was caught, attempted, and condemned to death, dark lady abolitionists sent cash to his significant other, Mary, and composed letters communicating their profound respect for her better half. Frances Ellen Watkins sent blessings just as one of her sonnets, â€Å"Bury Me in a Free Land,† to Brown’s censured men.During the before the war time, dark lady abolitionists moved, with regards to the earnestness of the occasion s, from calm activism to militancy. By 1858, even Sojourner Truth, the archpacifist, perceived that war with the South was inescapable if individuals of color were to get their opportunity. Dark ladies encouraged the objective of liberation during the Civil War by proceeding with their annulment work. Harriet Tubman offered her administrations to the Union Army. Sojourner Truth addressed all through the Midwest, where she faced compromising professional servitude (supposed â€Å"Copperhead†) mobs.Black ladies sorted out appeal battles to Congress and the president; they sent food and apparel to the Union bleeding edges for down and out blacks; and they went in

How Can a School's Pastoral Structure Support Pupil Achievement Essay

By what means Can a School's Pastoral Structure Support Pupil Achievement - Essay Example This exposition focuses on that the examination was worried about the Curriculum Guidance specification that topics be taught over the bounds of the scholastic subjects that regularly portray an inherent element of the auxiliary educational plans. The end was that topics that had no critical frequency in scholastics preceding the starting of the National Curriculum had proceeded for the most part to be lacking in assets or standing, and the prevalence of the schools took scarcely any sensible measures to attempt to assess or present cross-curricular associations separated from pre-set up exercises once in the past employable according to singular subjects. The nonattendance of an away from for survey of material identified with the subjects was perceived as the fundamental hindrance. This paper makes an end that from one point of view the National Curriculum could be comprehended as incorporating peaceful consideration into the real texture of the showing calling, necessitating that teachers themselves be completely prepared in peaceful consideration procedures. Lately the instructive framework seems to have developed fundamentally in a responsiveness to the vulnerability of youngsters in the scholastic procedure. The require an understudy based center looks to address all parts of a multifaceted learning condition and respect a peaceful command to give a system of network backing to fortify the understudy's feeling of moral obligation regarding scholarly achievement.

Frankenstein: The Meaning behind the Words Essay

After accepting all the books that we needed to peruse during this course, Frankenstein was the one that I was looking generally forward to perusing. Most repulsiveness fiction books have a similar story line with no genuine importance behind the composition, yet as I opened this novel and kept on perusing, I truly got inspired by the more profound significance of Frankenstein and I simply needed to keep perusing to discover more. Not at all like most loathsomeness fiction books, Frankenstein as I would like to think can keep its perusers intrigued as opposed to exhausting them. Mary Shelley utilized her composing capacity to recount to an extraordinary story that included the connection among man and keeps an eye on creation. A significant perception that I made while perusing Frankenstein was of all the few subjects made all through the entire whole book. A few subjects where self-evident, others you truly needed to consider it. All however numerous individuals may think Shelley’s Frankenstein is simply one more ordinary repulsiveness fiction novel, I accept this novel gives a few subjects all through the whole story line since it shows the topics of human foul play towards untouchables, numbness is euphoria, and society’s misogynist perspectives. The primary topic that I saw while understanding Frankenstein, was the possibility of human foul play towards exterior. All through the novel, the beast needs to confront man’s brutality to the individuals who are extraordinary. Frankenstein’s beast is undoubtedly an outsider and he doesn’t have a place in human culture. The monster’s distance from society, his battle for vengeance, and his unfulfilled want for a friend, are completely shared by his maker. I saw while perusing the novel how rapidly Victor became comparative his creation. Both Victor and his creation live in separation from society, the two of them despise their hopeless lives, and both Victor and his creation are languishing. Shelly did a generally excellent activity indicating the relationship with man and his relationship with outcasts, and how barbarous society can be with regards to being not the same as every other person. The beast states, â€Å"When I checked out I saw and knew about none like me. Was I, the, a beast, a smear upon the earth from which all men fled and whom all men disowned?† This statement accounts for itself. The beast was unique, and consequently he was separated from everyone else on the planet. This was the simplest topic to perceive, as I would see it, since this topic assumes a major job in the public arena. Shelly’s composing shows precisely what individuals in the public eye that are diverse experience, by indicating it through Victor and his creation. A second subject that truly stood apart to me was the possibility that numbness is delight. With the intensity of human explanation, through science and innovation, it tested a ton of ideas about world and man’s relationship with his maker. This was the possibility of Shelley’s time. In spite of the fact that this was a major idea, many addressed focusing on the restrictions of human limit. Shelley utilizes this subject in her book. She utilizes the thought in section four when Victor cautions Walton to not emulate his example expressing, â€Å"Learn from me, if not by my statutes, in any event by my model, how risky is the securing of information and how much more joyful that man is who accepts his local town to be the world, than he who tries to get more noteworthy than his tendency will allow† (38). During Shelley’s time, including numerous others, a few parts of nature ought to never be found by man. Shelly utilized both the new studies of science and power of life to evoke the collections of the dead. Victor is a man that unmistakably needed to find and discovered these parts of nature and he took the possibility of creation from God and utilized it for his own less than ideal purposes. The third topic that I broke down while understanding Frankenstein, was the arraigning towards society for its chauvinist perspectives. All through Frankenstein, Victor sets the view for ladies as powerless, enduring, non helpful individuals who live to serve and rely upon the men in their lives. Numerous individuals trust Shelly could have encountered these chauvinist focuses at one point in her own life, however she might have concurred with it. In Frankenstein, Victor puts the name of a savage to the beast on the grounds that the beast has an excellent thought of the other gender. The beast, in contrast to Victor, accepts that men and lady are equivalent and both ought to be dealt with similarly. The beast, all through the novel looks for friendship from a female, which doesn't pass on a craving to decide a ladies or that a lady ought to need to rely upon the men throughout her life. The beast states, â€Å"I am distant from everyone else and hopeless: man won't partner with me; yet one as disfigured and terrible as myself would not deny herself to me. My partner must be of similar species and have similar deformities. This being you should create† (129). His craving for friendship just shows the beasts requirement for equivalent friendship with somebody to share his sufferings. Frankenstein communicated a few unique topics all through the novel. The three topics talked about in this paper truly stood apart to me and I felt they played the greatest parts in the novel, yet a considerable lot of different subjects communicated in Frankenstein assumed a major job in making the novel what it is today. Shelly utilized these topics for her novel Frankenstein, to propose the beast from the novel is a type of illustration of our own way of life. Shelly’s method of utilizing real true topics in her novel permitted her to show how these subjects are real depicted on the planet. Frankenstein is certainly extraordinary compared to other awfulness fiction books; due to the story, but since of the more profound implications you can get from perusing the novel. WORKS CITED Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. New York: Dover, 1994.

Essay Topics For Grade 7 Students

Essay Topics For Grade 7 StudentsThere are a few essay topics for grade 7 students to focus on, and these topics can help them come up with the best essays possible. One of the things that these essay topics require is that the students come up with a list of things that they want to discuss in their essay.This can be something that you find through reading as well as some guidance from teachers or from parents who can provide you with some ideas. Once the list is finished, the students will then need to gather information to help them get started with their assignments. They will need to do a lot of research on the different subjects that they would like to write about.One of the essay topics for grade 7 students to focus on is to study the advantages and disadvantages of different options for energy use. They will need to take into consideration the environmental impact that different sources have on the environment, and also on the environment as a whole. It is very important for them to consider the possible consequences that this situation may have on the future generations that will live with these problems in the future.The students will also need to take into consideration the amount of pollution that has been created through the burning of fossil fuels and the effect that has had on the climate. What options does the individual have for decreasing their carbon footprint? They will also need to think about the availability of alternative energy sources as well as the use of alternative power sources that they can utilize.The students will also need to take into consideration the ease of getting fuel. This is something that they should consider when it comes to finding a way to power their homes and what kinds of sources that they can use. They may need to find ways to reduce the amount of fuel that they consume and to get to a point where they are using a little less fuel.Some other essay topics for grade 7 students to focus on will be the benefits that are associated with the use of renewable energy sources. These types of resources can be quite important for the future generations that will come after us. The students will need to remember that we are not the only species that are around and that it is still important to think about the ways that we can help future generations.The topics that are important to them are those that will allow them to think about the choices that they will have to make in the future and the decisions that they need to make in order to lead the world in a better way. The best essay topics for grade 7 students to focus on will help them think about what is going to happen to the planet in the future. It is important for them to understand that there are options that they have available to them, but that they need to be aware of all of the things that they need to do in order to be able to get the job done.It is very important for the students to be able to write an essay on this topic because this wil l allow them to help influence the decisions that are made by the people who will be living in the future. They will be able to think about the future of the planet and also the future of their children and grandchildren. This type of essay topic for grade 7 students is one that is very important for them to have.

Samples of Essay on the Birthmark by Nathaniel Hawthorne

Samples of Essay on the Birthmark by Nathaniel HawthorneThose who have made a decision to go back and review The Senses of Blasphemy by Nathaniel Hawthorne might find several samples of essay on the birthmark by Nathaniel Hawthorne. This book may prove to be quite useful for those who are debating their option of which one they should read first.According to critics, this collection provides insight into a great character's development. That said, the subjects are complex, but at the same time simple, so it is not too hard to understand.If you are curious about the story of Mark at all, this book will supply all the information you need. Although it does take some time to absorb all the details, the images are quite clear, to the point, and at times even humorous at times.Of course, readers should consider that this is written by a woman and that it is not meant to offend any great character. It is worth mentioning that Hawthorne was an outspoken feminist, and it can therefore be saf ely assumed that he would not accept the opinion of any male character in the story. Nevertheless, The Senses of Blasphemy provides insight into the characters and shows how life works for all.Readers will find that the subject is extremely simple, because only one simple image seems to be present in the entire story. Nevertheless, it is well-written, simple, and easy to understand. Moreover, there is no hidden message, nor is there any hidden meaning.At the same time, Mark tells us exactly what she thinks about a certain medical procedure. However, she does not define the procedure or how to go about getting one.Hawthorne was an experienced doctor, so he is able to explain every aspect of the procedure, the cost, and the timeline, if necessary. At the same time, he provides information regarding why some people refuse a surgery. However, it is important to note that there is no evidence for any other scientific explanation.If you are looking for samples of essay on the birthmark by Nathaniel Hawthorne, you can find several samples of essays online. Simply type the title of the essay, and you should find samples of essays online, which you can study and practice.

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Also in this section: Reword My Essay On Advice Giving Proofreading Services: Reasonable Confrontation Editing College Admissions Essays At Star-Writers.Com Best Term Paper Writing Service: Stimulation Of Creativity College Essay Editing Online: Apathy Treatment Take My Online Class On What Is Social Attitude For Me Pay Someone To Do My Assignment In The UK Our team is able to provide "write an essay in 7 hours" service and teach you how to learn something new quickly and effectively. Most of you would like to have an ability to master certain skills or to learn a large amount of information quickly. This is not a matter of magical learning techniques that promise minimum efforts and maximum result. We will provide effective methods that will save a lot of your precious time since this one requires more professional approach. Moreover, we will help you to raise the chosen skills to the expert level. Our best dissertation writer and proofreader can show you what means to be professional. Why is it necessary to become an expert in a certain field? This is a very good question since such level of skills requires several years of training. Is it really necessary? The following points will answer this question: Being an expert, you become a reliable source of knowledge. Any knowledge is a source of power. Thus, experts in a certain field have a great share of influence. Due to the success youve already have, people will start considering your opinion as an unquestionable one. Experts in a certain field earn much more than an average worker without specific knowledge and skills. As an expert, you can start sharing your knowledge with others helping people to find their own way. There are several approaches to reach this level of knowledge and skill. The most effective ones are the following: Tim Ferris approach Tim Ferriss is an author and a successful businessman. In his book "4-Hour Workweek" he offers the following model to become an expert in any field of knowledge in four weeks: Join from 2 to 3 clubs or groups of interest dedicated to the chosen topic; Read at least four or five books dedicated to the chosen topic; Give a three-hour speech at a certain university on a chosen topic for free; Organize seminars on the chosen topic; Write from two to four articles on the chosen topic and publish it in any magazine or journal. However, before publishing, make sure you edited your own paper with regards to the following rules. Try to find an expert in a chosen field so he/she could share experience and knowledge with you to become an expert yourself. Obviously, Ferriss pieces of advice are intended to be taken as an expert rather than acquiring sufficient amount of knowledge to actually become one. Moreover, it is impossible to become an expert in any field in a month. The rule of 10 000 hours Journalist Malcolm Gladwell in the book "Geniuses and outsiders" states that in order to become an expert you need to follow the rule of 10000 hours, i.e. you need to train and study for 10000 hours to get sufficient amount of knowledge and skills. In other words, time is the only thing that matters. There are no guarantees that you will become an expert after 10000-hour training. Thus, the one who keeps trying for a long period of time can become an expert in a certain field. It might take three years or ten years. You just need to train or study continuously step-by-step without stopping. This approach requires strategic planning skills developed and if you need some tips on this topic, follow the link. The model of Dreyfus Brothers This model was developed by Stuart and Hubert Dreyfus in 1980. It describes that path from the newbie to an expert emphasizing the steps that should be taken to reach each of them. Newbie. Follow the rules strictly without exceptions. Advanced beginner. Situational analysis. All the tasks are considered separately with an equal degree of importance. Competent. The ability to deal with a large amount of information and planning. Specialist. Prioritizing of the assignments, the ability to manage with the deviations from a plan applying to critical and logical thinking. If you need other practical applications of critical thinking, visit our blog Expert. Elaborates new approaches to solve a problem overpassing all the rules and exceptions applying to intuition and experience. The degree of competence The " Degree Of Competence" scale was established by the HR department of the National Institutes of Health. It comprises the following points: Basic knowledge. You possess the general background and essential skills. Limited knowledge. Thanks to the experiments conducted and personal observations, you became more thoughtful. Practical use. 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A Project On A Company s Energy Efficiency Profile Within...

A1. Reasons The IT Consolidation project is being initiated, and requires your support to be successful. The main scope of the approved project is to consolidate the IT infrastructure of Fresno, CA into the Chicago, IL location. This will require moving all application servers, backup hardware and network connections to Chicago. There will also be a possibility of relocating employees to Chicago. This project would standardize AEnergy’s IT infrastructure to a much more cost efficient model. AEnergy would benefit from cost savings, redundancy standardizations. The key reason behind the project is the fact that AEnergy’s current IT infrastructure is heavily over invested in its current design and needs to be brought up to industry†¦show more content†¦Status reports should include high level information such as budget, risks, milestones and status. If requested, specifics should be readily available. Emails of other reports should also be sent to Sabelle Arnold. Specific details of each project step status is not to be sent as she is at the highest level of the company Planned Component – Sabelle is required to be involved as she is the person within the company who has the most power and authority. Sabelle can direct others to be involved with the project at high levels. Without Sabelle’s blessing of the project, the project is dead. Planned Component – Sabelle needs to be involved also from a financial perspective. While the Operations Manager has responsibilities to finance the project, Sabelle has the final signoffs for the project. Internal Stakeholder #2: IT Manager – Planned Components Stakeholder Internal 2 Name: Cameron Kern Position: IT Manager Cameron Kern is IT manager for AEnergy, and is responsible for all of the IT infrastructure and services. Cameron Kern reports to Sabelle Arnold. Cameron Kern should be involved with all decision making with the project as it deals with the area that he is responsible for. All content should be sent to Cameron Kerns unless specifically requested not to be sent. Face to Face meetings which will occur monthly, will include status reports pertaining to the project. Status reports should include high level

An Outline Of Physician Assisted Suicide - 1944 Words

OUTLINE Title: Physician Assisted Suicide: Right to life, Right to death I. A. Introduction 1. (problem – PAS): In today’s society, Physician Assisted Suicide is one of the most questionable and debatable issues. Many people feel that it is wrong for people to ask their doctor to help them end their life; while others feel it is their right to choose between the right to life and the right to death. â€Å"Suffering has always been a part of human existence.† (PAS) â€Å"Physicians have no similar duty to provide actions, such as assistance in suicide, simply because they have been requested by patients. In deciding how to respond to patients requests, physicians should use their judgment about the medical appropriateness of the request.† (Bernat, JL) Physician Assisted Suicide differs from withholding or discontinuing medical treatment, it consists of doctors providing a competent patient with a prescription for medication to aid in the use to end their life. 2. generally right to decide treatment: Patients generally have the right to decide their treatment however; others measures of treatment should be discussed with the patients. Patients should be competent when deciding to refuse treatment and understand what their options are, however; this should not include physician assisted suicide. Patients do not have to suffer or be in pain, there are many medical options to help the patient through palliative care that will keep them comfortable. 3. flaws includingShow MoreRelatedOutline for Persuasive Essay on Physician Assisted Suicide754 Words   |  4 PagesTitle: Physician Assisted Suicide Topic: Assisted Suicide Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience on the right to choose your path with P.A.S. Thesis Statement: Physician Assisted Suicide should be a matter of free will and not just law. Introduction Attention Material: â€Å"But it may also be within my power to take a life, this awesome responsibility must be faced with great humbleness and awareness of my own frailty. Above all, I must not play God†Read MorePersuasive Speech : Physician Assisted Suicide1308 Words   |  6 PagesCheyenne Jamison 4/19/17 Persuasive Speech Outline Topic: Physician Assisted Suicide Specific Purpose: To persuade the audience to favor the legalization of Physician Assisted Suicide. 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Nurses must have clear and defined rules when it applies to assisted suicide, and what they can do if thisRead MoreAdvocates Against Assisted Suicide Advocates Essay1681 Words   |  7 PagesAdvocates against assisted suicide argue that the untaken medication will be dispersed to a larger group of people than just the terminally ill it was intended for. A little over 40% of the population of individuals that received life-ending medication did not even take the medication (Keown 172). Keown details a summary of the prescriptions ingested in 2015 as of this current January. All of the medications that a prescription was written for were carefully tracked and observed. The Death with DignityRead MoreExplanation Of Physician Assisted Suicide1262 Words   |  6 PagesPhysician assisted suicide has been legal in Oregon since November 1997. Over 750 people have taken advantage of this law since it was passed. Many people think there is something wrong with such this and it should be outlawed. I will argue that there is no moral basis for the outlaw of such a practice. Explanation of physician assisted suicide Physician assisted suicide occurs when an ill patient consults a doctor and decides that they would like to end their life. Typically, the patient is prescribedRead MoreThe Ethics Of Physician Assisted Suicide Essay1655 Words   |  7 Pagespersonal perception of a â€Å"good life† even if they are not hurting anyone else? The exceedingly divided dispute around the procedure of physician-assisted suicide (PAS) asks this very question. Although PAS is reasonably fresh to the sphere of moral matters it is often the main topic in many discussions about proper healthcare and palliative care. Physician-assisted suicide was initially permitted in the state of Oregon when the state passed its Death with Dignity Act in 1994 (Kotva, 2016). The Act requiresRead MoreEuthanisa Outline1008 Words   |  5 PagesSAMPLE PERSUASIVE OUTLINE – AVERAGE Student Y February 17, 2005 Section AY Topic: Euthanasia Goal: To persuade the audience that physician-assisted suicide, which is a subset category of euthanasia, should be a legal option. Thesis: All terminally ill patients or individuals in chronic severe pain should have the option of a peaceful and quick death to minimize suffering. Introduction A. Attention Gaining Device: On November 23, 2000 my mother passed away. She had terminal ovarian cancerRead MoreEuthanasia And Physician Assisted Suicide997 Words   |  4 PagesEuthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide: The Right to Die with Dignity (The Legalization, At Risk Groups, and Rebuttal) The possible legalization of voluntary euthanasia and physician assisted suicide brings concerns in regards to how well it will be accepted. There are contradictions that exists between government and church when it comes to the morals and values placed on human life. Although, society has concerns in regards to at risk community groups and the type of treatment availableRead MoreEuthanasia Answers the Prayers of the Dying Essay1167 Words   |  5 PagesEuthanasia Answers the Prayers of the Dying      The good death. Dying with dignity. Assisted-suicide. Those are all terms for what doctors call euthanasia. Euthanasia is physician-assisted suicide, carried out by lethal injection or excessive barbiturates. In 1991 Jack Kevorkian assisted two women who were chronically ill to die. This was the first publicized case of euthanasia. Since then lawmakers have wondered if euthanasia should be legal in every state. Since Americans have control

How To Use Indefinite Articles Un and Una in Spanish

If you listen to oldies music, you may recall one of the sentences of a popular Spanish-language dance tune: Yo no soy marinero, soy capità ¡n, soy capità ¡n. Translated, that would be, I am not a mariner, I am a captain, I am a captain. That sentence indicates one of the differences between Spanish and English. Although English requires the word a before mariner and captain, Spanish doesnt require an equivalent word, which in this case would be un. Un and Una Classified as Indefinite Articles A and an are known to grammarians as indefinite articles, and the Spanish equivalents are un (used before masculine nouns and noun phrases) and una (feminine). Using the Spanish indefinite articles when they arent needed is one of the pitfalls for many beginning Spanish students. Say no soy un marinero, soy un capità ¡n, and it would sound as awkward (and improper) as one possible translation into English: I am not one mariner, I am one captain. Generally speaking, whenever you use un or una in Spanish, you need to use a or an to say the equivalent in English. But the reverse isnt true. The appearance is that Spanish frequently omits the indefinite articles. Omitting Articles With Ser Dont use the indefinite article before an unmodified noun after a form of ser (to be), especially in reference to occupation, religion, affiliation, or social status. Normally, if the noun is modified, the article should be used: Soy profesor. (I am a teacher.)Él es un buen dentista. (He is a good dentist. Here, dentista is modified by buen.) ¿Eres catà ³lica? —No, soy una metodista feliz. (Are you a Catholic? No, Im a happy Methodist. Metodista is modified by feliz, but the unmodified catà ³lica stands alone.)Es artista. (She is an artist.)Es una artista que muere de hambre. (She is a starving artist.) Omitting Articles With Otro A common mistake made by English speakers is to use un otro or una otra for another. Otro/otra stands by itself. Quisiera otra taza. (I would like another cup.)Comprà ³ otro coche. (She bought another car.)Quiero viajar a otra ciudad chilena. (I want to visit another Chilean city.) Omitting Articles With Certain Large Numbers The numbers mil (1,000) and cien (100) do not need the article. Mil and cien already refer to one thousand and one hundred, respectively. Gana mil dà ³lares por mes. (He earns a thousand dollars per month.)Tiene cien aà ±os. (She is a hundred years old.)Hay mil maneras de cambiar el mundo. (There are a thousand ways to change the world.) Omitting Articles In Exclamations Using Que In exclamations such as  ¡Quà © sorpresa! (What a surprise!), theres no need to put anything between the que and the following noun.  ¡Quà © là ¡stima! (What a shame!) ¡Quà © casa! (What a house!) ¡Quà © diferencia hace un dà ­a! (What a difference a day makes!) Omitting Articles With Some Prepositions After sin (without), the article is usually omitted unless the speaker is emphasizing the utter lack of something: Escribe sin ordenador. (He writes without a computer.)La ciudad tendrà ¡ un mà ¡ximo de 30 grados sin posibilidad de lluvia. (The city will have a high of 30 degrees without a possibility of rain.)La cantante compartià ³ fotos sin una gota de maquillaje. (The singer shared photos of herself without a single touch of makeup. It would be grammatically correct to leave out the una, but its inclusion puts emphasis on the utter lack of makeup.) The article is usually omitted after con (with) when con has a meaning similar to English words or phrases such as wearing or equipped with. When con can be translated as using, the article is typically omitted if the object is being used in an ordinary way. El bebà © come con cuchara. (The baby eats with a spoon. This is the ordinary use for a spoon, while the use in the next sentence isnt.)El preso se escapà ³ de la cà ¡rcel con una cuchara. (The prisoner escaped from the jail with a spoon.)Vestir con zapato plano y obtener un resultado de 10 es posible. (Dressing with flat shoes and getting a 10 is possible. Contrast this sentence with the following example, where the shoe isnt being worn.)Sà © como abrir una botella con una zapato. (I know how to open a bottle with a shoe.) Omitting Articles After Certain Verbs The article is frequently omitted after forms of tener (to have), comprar (to buy), llevar (to wear), and some other verbs when generically referring to things that people would normally have or use one at a time. No tengo coche. (I dont have a car.)Lleva camisa. (He is wearing a shirt.)Vamos a comprar casa. (Were going to buy a house.) ¿Tiene madre? (Does he have a mother?) Including the Indefinite Article When English Doesn’t Finally, there is one case where we dont use the indefinite article in English where its needed in Spanish. In a series of two or more words joined by and, we often leave out the a or an, but when using y in Spanish the un or una is used to avoid ambiguity. In English we might say a cat and dog, for example, but in Spanish it must be un gato y un perro. Without the second un, the phrase would be understood as referring to one creature, a cross between a cat and dog. Note the distinction in these sentences: Conozco a un artista y un dentista. (I know an artist and I know a dentist.)Conozco a un artista y dentista. (I know a dentist who is also an artist.) Key Takeaways Although un and una are the equivalent of one, they are often better translated as a or an.Most of the time that Spanish uses un or una before a noun, the corresponding English sentence can be translated using a or an.The opposite, however, is not always true, as there are many times that an a or an is left untranslated in Spanish.

A Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor Essay

Who is the Misfit? In the short story, â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† a family comprising of a grandmother, a father, three children, and a wife is headed on vacation has the misfortune of meeting a murderous band of serial killers. The Misfit and his band of serial killers are recently escapees of a federal prison. In the following paragraphs this paper looks into the issues of, what one would do in a situation such as that and the background of the the family and murderers as well. The Misfit claims to have been raised by â€Å"the finest people in the world†. He went on to say that his, â€Å"†¦god never made a finer woman than my mother, and my daddy’s heart was pure gold.† (Shilb and Clifford 1292) That makes one believe that the Misfit came†¦show more content†¦For instance, within the primary dysfunctional family, many relationships are developed, which include two unbearable children, a power hungry dad, a hectic wife tending to her baby, and an une ndurable grandmother. These relationships bring out other dynamics within the characters and the family (Lambert 2009). For instance, although both the father and grandmother are strict in ensuring that the children be respectful, on their part, they do not set an example that can be emulated within the family. First, the grandmother advises her grandchildren to be respectful, and then she goes ahead, making a profane racially prejudiced remark almost immediately (McCann, Jr 2011). At the same time, the head of the family—the father of the children, Bailey, requests the children to conduct themselves accordingly. However, confronted by a tense situation, Bailey loses his temper and threatens the family telling them that if they did not shut up, they would not go anywhere (Katharina 4). Another family dynamic is evident in the Misfit’s family that may not have been as perfect as seen in the initial description. It seems that Misfit could have been sarcastic about his family. This is because, even at the start when he explains how good a father his was, he slightly highlights that he was, â€Å"†¦a card himself†. Moreover, he mentions that it was claimed that his reason for being jailed is that he killed his own father. All this points out that hisShow MoreRelatedA Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor1196 Words   |  5 PagesA prolific writer, famously known as Flannery O’Connor in 1953, wrote the short narrative titled â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† (Scott 2). However, it was published two years later in 1955, in her second collection of short stories. This particular collection presented the author as a key voice in the ancient American literature world until she met her sudden death in 1964 when she was only 39. The co llection also won her tremendous fame, especially concerning her unmatchable creativity and masteryRead MoreA Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor748 Words   |  3 PagesFlannery O’Connor’s Southern Gothic short story, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find,† is one of sudden violence; although, it begins rather uneventful (Kaplan 1). Bailey, his wife, and their children, John Wesley, June Star, and a baby boy, are all looking forward to a trip to Florida. Grandmother, Bailey’s mom, wants to go to east Tennessee to see her relatives, not Florida. She uses an article in the newspaper that tells of an escaped criminal, the Misfit, which is headed to Florida to try to persuadeRead MoreA Good Man Is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor645 Words   |  3 PagesA Good Man â€Å"She would have been a good woman†¦if it had been somebody there to shoot her every minute of her life† (Gardner). Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† tells of Bailey, his wife, their three children and Bailey’s mother all heading to Florida for vacation. In this paper I will summarize the story, and discuss the irony of the story and the morality and religion in the story. The family, Bailey, his wife, three children and his mother, are set to go on vacation to FloridaRead MoreA Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor 664 Words   |  3 PagesIn the story â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† Flannery OConnor uses the grandmother as a person who gets what she wants. At first she doesnt want to go to Florida she wants to visit her relatives in Tennessee. We also learn she is manipulative when she tries to change Baileys (her son) mind. Whenever something doesnt go her way she wants she isnt pleased. She uses the story of the Misfit to scare the family so that they would go to Tennessee. Something else the grandmother says about herself inRead More The Journey in A Good Man Is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor690 Words   |  3 PagesThe Journey in A Good Man Is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor In A Good Man Is Hard to Find, Flannery OConnors character searches for grace and redemption in a world full of sin. Grimshaw states, each one, nonetheless, is free to choose, free to accept or reject Grace (6). The Grandmother in A Good Man is Hard to Find, is on a journey for grace and forgiveness in a world where the redemption she is searching for proves to be hard to find. The Grandmother often finds herself at oddsRead More A Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor Essay1204 Words   |  5 PagesA Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the short story, A Good Man is Hard to Find, the main character is the grandmother. Flannery OConnor, the author, lets the reader find out who the grandmother is by her conversations and reactions to the other characters in the story. The grandmother is the most important character in the story because she has a main role in the stories principal action. This little old lady is the protagonist in this piece. We learn more about her fromRead MoreEssay on A Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor1564 Words   |  7 PagesA Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor A Good Man is Hard to Find is an extremely powerful commentary that elucidates Flannery OConnors opinions about religion and society. Like the majority of her other works, A Good Man is Hard to Find has attracted many interpretations based on Christian dogma (Bandy 1). These Christian explications are justified because Miss OConnor is notorious for expressing Catholic doctrines through her fiction. Once she even remarked I see fromRead MoreA Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery O’Connor Essay1033 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find,† written by Flannery O’Connor tells the story of a dysfunctional family headed to vacation and their inevitable death. The family, including their matriarch, the grandmother, represents the delusion perfection that many modern Christians have. The family displays an extreme sense of vanity, self-centeredness, and disobedience during the first half of the story. The first half of the story does not follow a specific pattern nor does it hold significance to the family’sRead More Symbolism in A Good Man Is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor1038 Words   |  5 PagesUse of Symbolism in A Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor A Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor is a short story that depicts a familys vacation to Florida that turned into an abysmal tragedy when they met with the Misfit, a convict who escaped from prison. This story is meant to be interpreted as a parable, whereby OConnor made skilful use of symbolism to bring about messages such as the class-consciousness and the lack of spiritual faith that exist amongst human. Read MoreA Good Man Is Hard to Find by Flannery O’Connor Essay1612 Words   |  7 PagesIn the short story A Good Man Is Hard to Find, written by Flannery O’Connor, the theme that the definition of a ‘good man’ is mysterious and flawed is apparent. The reader must realize that it is difficult to universalize the definition of a good man because every person goes through different experiences. Thus, these experiences affect his or her viewpoint and in turn flaw ones view on a good man. O’Connor conveys this theme through her excellent us e of diction, imagery, foreshadowing, and symbolism

Over-Diagnosis Of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Over-diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed mental disorder among children and adolescents (UCLA). ADHD/ADD usually becomes apparent in children during preschool and early school years. ADHD/ADD affects 3 percent to 5 percent of approximately two million American children (Frequently). Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) is a disability in which children consistently show one or more of these characteristics over a period of time: inattentive, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Children who are inattentive have difficulty focusing on just one task; they get†¦show more content†¦Children with ADHD/ADD may also be impulsive, have difficulty with self-control, and be hyperactive, but these are also symptoms of hundreds of other disorders. Children can behave as though they have ADHD/ADD, but not really have ADHD/ADD. People are too quick to say that lack of attention is a disorder. Having lack of attention could simply be caused by stress. Stress causes their minds to wander. Stress is commonly in every individual, so lack of attention does not necessarily mean that a child is ADHD/ADD. Generally, people are too quick to assume that their child or a child is ADHD/ADD based off of his/her bad behavior. Teachers and parents for example, too often parents are being intimidated and persuaded by schools/ teachers to have their child undergo a psychological evaluation because the child is highly energetic and lacks concentration (â€Å"ADD/ ADHD Misdiagnosis and Mistreatment†). Parents—not teachers—are the ones primarily pushing to have children assessed for attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (Samuels). Unfortunately, parents are often made to feel guilty if they to have their child evaluated (â€Å"ADD/ADHD Misdiagnosis and Mistreatment†). Doctors also are very quick to assume and will diagnose a child wi th ADHD/ADD. Before putting a medical diagnosis on children and prescribing medications to children, doctors should make sure and check that they have looked at all the possibilities before referring for medical evaluation. ShouldShow MoreRelatedOver-diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)2632 Words   |  11 PagesThe Over-diagnosis of ADHD In Bobbys second grade classroom, his teacher threw up her hands and said, That is it! On that very morning, Bobby leaped out of his seat seven times to go sharpen his pencil, each time accidentally colliding into other students desks and chairs, sending papers and books plunging to the floor. Bobby screamed out comments to every slightly comical part of the book that the teacher read. 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Darling 1 Essay Example For Students

Darling 1 Essay Heidi DarlingRyan WintersEnglish 10119 December, 2002Bilingual EducationThe debate over bilingual education is nothing if not emotional. Thetwo sides seem to be spurred on by political opinions from liberals andconservatives who want to further their own cause. In general terms, thatcause, in relation to bilingual education for liberals is that diverselanguages and customs enrich the U.S. cultural stew and should be allowedto flourish (Worsnap 6). Conservatives, on the other hand, believe thatthe mission of U.S. schools is to nurture a common language English anda common national identity (Worsnap 6). The issue over bilingual educationgoes back several decades, even a century, in Americas history. When thiscountry was founded, people came from around the globe to create a newplace to live in freedom and peace. So, from the very beginning of ournations inception, there has been a need to teach newcomers English. Atfirst this was accomplished by complete submersion. There were noprog rams set up by the government, only a strong desire by thoseimmigrants to become a part of their new country. Until the 1960s,interest in bilingual education was limited. Then public and politicalinterest increased when thousands of Cuban refugees started pouring intoSouth Florida after Fidel Castro gained power in 1959 (Dunlap 8). At thattime, Dade County (Miami) wanted to help arriving children to adjust totheir new country, so in 1963 they became the first county to begin anexperimental bilingual education program in first to third grades at theirCoral Way Elementary School (Dunlap 8). Because this experiment was deemeda success after just a few years, widespread support for bilingualeducation helped advocates persuade lawmakers to fund bilingual programsduring congressional hearings in 1967; and theyDarling 2were successful when by President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the propositionin January 1968 (Dunlap 8). The bilingual education act, adopted as TitleIIV of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), made availablefederal money for bilingual programs. Although the act did not requirelocal school districts to establish bilingual programs, it did encouragetheir development by offering grants. In 1974 the act was broadened andclarified the federal role in bilingual education, and for the first time,federal money was made available for training teachers and developingcurricula and instructional materials (Dunlap 9). Bilingual education started out in 1968 as a modest $7.5 millionpilot program to help (immigrant) children learn English. Today its a $5billion boondoggle including federal, state and local funds that actuallyprevents kids from acquiring the language that will determine theireconomic and social success as adults, writes Rosalie Pesalino Porter,author of the 1990 book Forked Tongue: the Politics of Bilingual Educationand chairman of the Institute for Research in English Acquisition andDevelopment (READ) (qtd. in Worsnap 6). This opinion is shared by manyexperts in the field of bilingual education and also the side that I willdiscuss in depth in this paper. But first, what exactly is bilingualeducation and what different approaches are available to teach limitedEnglish proficient (LEP) students English?The definition of bilingual education is: instruction for those whodo not speak English, by teachers who use the students native language atleast part of the day. The term usually has me ant teaching students to befluent in two languages (Worsnap 3). There are four basic alternatives forinstructing LEP children. The first of these is immersion or sink orswim. In this model, the LEP child is placed in a regular Englishclassroom with English monolingual children and given no more special helpthan any child with educational problems (Rossell 19). A second techniqueis English as a Second Language (ESL) instruction, which consists ofregular classroom instruction for most of the day combined with a specialpull out program ofDarling 3English language instruction for one or two periods a day, or in somedistricts two or three periods per week, and participation in the regularclassroom for the rest of the time (Rossell 19). A third instructionaltechnique is structured immersion, where instruction is in the Englishlanguage in a self-contained classroom of LEP children. The English usedin these programs is always geared to the childrens language proficiencyat each stage so that it is comprehensible, and the student thus learns thesecond language (English) and subject matter content simultaneously(Rossell 19). The fourth instructional technique, transitional bilingualeducation (TBE), is when the student is taught to read and write in thenative tongue, with subject matter also taught in the native tongue. English is initially taught for only a small portion of the day. As thechild progresses in English, the amount of instructional time in the nativetongue is reduced and English increased, until the student is proficientenough in English to join the regular classroom. (Rossell 18) For mostpeople learning a new language, progress depends on two factors motivation and exposure to the new language, which means having theopportunity to understand it and use it for real purposes, said PatriciaWhitelaw-Hill, an ESL teacher for many years and executive director of theREAD Institute in Washington, D.C. (89). To this end, it is my opinionthat bilingual education is a waste of government money because it does notexpose LEP students to enough English for them to become proficient in antimely manner and because bilingual education fosters a sense of separationin stead of unity among students which transfers into our countrys lack ofunity. To begin with, I am against any more government money being spent onbilingual education because the current methods being used are taking toomany years to teach LEP students English. In America today, Transitionalbilingual education (TBE) is the most common approach for teachingimmigrants English in our schools. The majority of elementary schoolprograms have as their goal exiting a student after 3 years, saysChristine Rossell, a professor ofDarling 4political science at Boston University and co-author of Bilingual EducationReform in Massachusetts. But these programs also allow students to stayin the program longer than three years . . . Indeed, many children stay ina bilingual program throughout their elementary school career (19). Vegetarian (Health, Ethics And Environmetnal Effec EssayAdvocates of bilingual education say that their main goal is to teachEnglish to non-English-speaking children. But the truth is that theirprimary purpose is to perpetuate a seriously flawed teaching method so thatthe bureaucracy that supports it can sustain itself. Their livelihoodsdepend on promoting the myth that children taught in one language willlearn English, says Sally Peterson, founder and director of LEAD (LearningEnglish Advocates Drive). If these children ever do learn English, ittakes years (89). Advocates also claim that children need to be taught intheir native language because of self-esteem. But there is no evidencethat bilingual education has an impact on a students self worth (Peterson79). Why after 25 years cant bilingual education advocates silencetheir critics with overwhelming proof that native-language instructionworks? proposed Peterson. Her answer, They cannot, because the proofdoes not exist (79). Ano ther misconception by bilingual supporters isthat reading skills easily transfer from one language to another. This isonly true in certain limited cases. Being literate in one language meansyou have an understanding of what the reading process is about which is animportant first step. For different languages, however, different decodingstrategies are employed. The vowel systems in Spanish and English arequite different, and this causes a lot of initial difficulty in reading forSpanish speakers. (Guerrero 91)Darling 8Native-language-based bilingual education is a human tragedy ofnational proportions. Thousands of promising young people in publicschools are segregated for years by language. They fail to achieve theirpotential because they cannot compete in the educational mainstream,so in turn, they become discouraged and quit. (Peterson 79) Statisticsprove that when students are not proficient in English by high school thatdrop out rates increase dramatically. In a November 1989 popu lation studyby the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, they found thatonly 10.5 percent of English-speaking teens dropped out of high school incomparison to almost 50 percent of Spanish-speaking teens that have adifficulty with English (Amselle 112). Currently in the U.S., there areover two million LEP students in the public school system with more andmore moving here every year. Billions of federal, state and local dollarsare being spent on bilingual education programs that do not work. In 1992alone, over $5 billion dollars of state and local money was spent onbilingual education (Amselle 118). And what has been the result of thisgrand expenditure? Well, there are no results because there has been noaccountability set up to monitor bilingual education. Both California andMassachusetts, in state reports published in 1992 and 1994, admitted tothis failure (Porter 34). In addition, California, with 1.2 million LEPstudents also reported that teachers were not testing stu dents for exitfrom bilingual programs and keeping these children in bilingual classroomsyears beyond the point where they need special help (Porter 34). Bilingualeducation has grown tremendously from its modest start and currently some2.5 million children are eligible for bilingual or ESL classes (Chavez 10). According to Roth, 32 million Americans dont speak English and in justfive years, that number will rise to 40 million which when put inperspective means that one in seven homes, the inhabitants speak a foreignlanguage (13). For most of our nations history, America gave the childrenof immigrants a great gift an education in the English language. Whatare we doing now for these new Americans today? Instead of givingDarling 9them a first-rate education in English, our bilingual education programsare consigning an entire generation of new Americans unable to speak,understand, and use English effectively to a second-class future. (Roth13)Darling 10BibliographyWorsnap, Richard L. Bilingual Education. CQ Press. 1993. 18 Oct 2002. . . Donegan, Craig. Debate Over Bilingualism. CQ press. 1996. 18 Oct 2002. . . Rossell, Christine. Is Bilingual Education an Effective EducationalTool?. (p.18-28). The Failure of Bilingual Education. Amselle,Jorge, Ed. Center for Equal Opportunity. Washington, DC. 1995. 18Oct 2002. . . Baker, Keith. What Bilingual Education Research Tells Us. (p.29-32). The Failure of Bilingual Education. Amselle, Jorge, Ed. Center forEqual Opportunity. Washington, DC. 1995. 18 Oct 2002. . . Peterson, Sally. Breaking the Bilingual Lobbys Stranglehold. (p.78-84). The Failure of Bilingual Education. Amselle, Jorge, Ed. Centerfor Equal Opportunity. Washington, DC. 1995. 18 Oct 2002. . . Porter, Rosalie P. The Politics of Bilingual Education. (p.33-39). TheFailure of Bilingual Education. Amselle, Jorge, Ed. Center for EqualOpportunity. Washington, DC. 1995. 18 Oct 2002. . . Alvarado, Miguel. One Parents Story. (p.96-97) The Failure ofBilingual Education. Amselle, Jorge, Ed. Center for EqualOpportunity. Washington, DC. 1995. 18 Oct 2002. . . Darling 11Cornelius, Wayne A. Educating Californias Immigrant Children. (p.60-76).The Failure of Bilingual Education. Amselle, Jorge, Ed. Center for Equal Opportunity. Washington, DC. 1995. 18 Oct 2002. . . Guadarrama, Irma N. Realizing Democratic Ideals with BilingualEducation. (p.40-46). The Failure of Bilingual Education. Amselle,Jorge, Ed. Center for Equal Opportunity. Washington, DC. 1995. 18Oct 2002. . . Krashen, Stephen. Why Bilingual Education?. ERIC Digest . Charleston,WV. 1997. 18 Oct 2002.. . Roth, Rep. Toby. Bilingual Education and the Role of Government inPreserving Our Common Language. (p.13-16). The Failure of BilingualEducation. Amselle, Jorge, Ed. Center for Equal Opportunity. Washington, DC. 1995. 18 Oct 2002. . Chavez, Linda. One Nation, One Common Language. (p.7-12). The Failureof Bilingual Education. Amselle, Jorge, Ed. Center for EqualOpportunity. Washington, DC. 1995. 18 Oct 2002. . Whitelaw-Hill, Patricia. Bilingual Education Alternatives. (p.88-92). The Failure of Bilingual Education. Amselle, Jorge, Ed. Center forEqual Opportunity. Washington, DC. 1995. 18 Oct 2002. . Amselle, Jorge, Comp. Index of Bilingual Education Statistics. (p. 111-123).The Failure of Bilingual Education. Amselle, Jorge, Ed. Center for Equal Opportunity. Washington, DC. 1995. 18 Oct 2002. . Darling 12Porters, Alejandro and Richard Schauffler. Language and the SecondGeneration: Bilingualism Yesterday and Today. (p. 47-59). TheFailure of Bilingual Education. Amselle, Jorge, Ed. Center for EqualOpportunity. Washington, DC. 1995. 18 Oct 2002. . .

Security and Usability of E-Commerce Websites

Question: Describe about the Security and Usability of E-Commerce Websites? Answer: Abstract Nowadays the availability of internet has revolutionized the global world immensely. In todays modern society people uses modern facilities and e-commerce to buy their everyday household products. Everything from clothes, groceries, foods, cosmetics are available in the online market, and it will be served to the desired customer just in a click of a button. However, the success of an e-commerce business is based on satisfying and catering the needs of its customers. The major success story of this e-commerce websites lies in building a trustable and honest relationship with its most precious and lovable stakeholders that is the customers and consumer base. The e-Commerce websites are making daily experiments provide and satisfy the definite needs of their customers and bringing up various changes and modifications in their e-commerce platform to attract more customers daily. In the recent timeline, the e-commerce policymakers are emphasizing in giving a more strategic outlook to the ir e-commerce platform and websites. This strategy includes the implication of usability and security factors. One of the key accomplishments of an e-commerce website is in improving and improvising the usability of e-commerce platform by considering users preferences. User preferences can be explained as a combinational feeling and attitudes of users for the interface and functional design of the ecommerce platform. This influences users decision and behaviour. Considering the users preferences within an e-commerce platform enhances users satisfaction and increases users loyalty to the platform. The other aspect of installing the faith and trust within the customer is by installing a sense of security and incognito feeling to avoid the fear of online theft and cheat. Besides, the e-Commerce websites are also provided the assurance of safety, security and protections by amending various changes in the IT online market. This factor is also increasing the number of enthusiastic custom ers in the global arena of online e-Commerce arena. The growing number of customers and other related factors like commerce growth and prosperity seeks proper management of this e-commerce websites. They need to handle the matter more sensitively and seriously and need to fill up every loophole within their system. Besides, the business of this e-commerce websites stands and relies heavily on customer satisfaction and feedbacks. The e-commerce websites need to improvise and make their security measurements and usability intense. This will not only help their business development but also install cyber ethics and values within the global market of consumerism. Introduction Creating a safe and secure software program is a multifaceted and time-consuming procedure that seeks to harbour repeated challenging factors, such as functionality, scalability, clarity, productivity, etc. Software engineering analysis has lately focused on modernizing and improving the modelling capabilities considering the non-functional supplies such as steadiness, performance fault lenience, and safety. In this paper, we have focused on various security issues and usability of e-commerce websites. Methods and techniques to integrate security problems in software blueprint have already been constructed (Hartanoet al. 2014). However, there is one vital facet of the design of complex and composite secure systems, which has always been ignored by various well-known e-commerce organizations. Recent studies in the field of Human Computer Interactions in Security representthat security processes that do not work in field practice and application are not effectual. Most of the research in e-commerce security program and usability emphasizes on supplying better and improved user interfaces (UIs), but it is evident that usability troubles with secure systems are more than just UIs and requires relevance of various related factors and design methodology (Kamoun and Halaweh, 2012). However, secure systems do not subsist in emptiness; they survive for giving people and human race with different facilities and utilities. This process cannot function without the participation of people (the customers and consumers). In security, the focal point tends to focus on those unwanted people who want to mistreat the system (hackers and attackers). This is to the harm the ordinary and regular users, who play as a significant fraction in shielding it. Any secure system is a socio-technical system, and the necessities, scrutiny, and design process must consider this. Most countermeasures need the participation of public at some stage (Schumacher et al. 2013). Users can have significantly varying levels of understanding, experience, comprehension and expertise. Designing a system that suitably assists these contradictory levels of ability and aptitude, it requiresbasic training procedure if the countermeasures are to so reliable. Therefore, the design and the improvement of a secure software system need the addition of yet another vital requirement: usability. This supplementary requirement launches an additional layer of complexity in the development process. The main aim and objective of this project work are to discuss the potential security concern and usability in an e-commerce website (Konradtet al. 2012). In addition, at the same time, this paper focuses on various factors that could enhance and install improvement to these important factors. Literature review The popularity of an e-Commerce website is based on its usability and security factors. Maintaining a top-notch security provides customer loyalty and trust. Most of the famous e-commerce sites use latest technologies to deliver clients with top-notch safety and assurance. These techniques include the incorporation of SSL (Secure socket layer) to provide a secure HTTP (HTTPS) by encrypting the data transferred (Bansal, Sethi and Kataria, 2015). Moreover, the user needs to be fully aware of the fact that their data is protected before conducting an online purchase from any ecommerce website (Hartono et al. 2013). Various other methodologies like Digital signatures, Digital certificates, Cryptography, Anti-virus implementation, IDS integrated firewall implementation, use of Cisco router, proper log reporting, default ports changing, proper monitoring and analysis, updating software patches, host monitoring and implementing authentication protocols are conducted to provide security to t he customers (Fulton et al. 2013). Nowadays every e-commerce websites are concentrating more on providing proper usability to its clients. The interfaces within the web pages are made very simple and user-friendly so that everyone can use it without any difficulty (Distanteet al. 2014). The main purpose of this usability factor is to provide better experiences to customers to satisfy and cater their needs. Various e-Commerce websites are conducting studies on criteria, element, traits, matrices, attribute and characteristics of a user (Grigeraet al. 2013). Based on these factors the e-Commerce is building their web page platforms in the recent timeline. Various e-commerce companies and websites are accelerating fast and coming up with new security strategies for its customers. Recently, eBay introduced a security key device for its clients and users. This key fob randomly generates a six-digit unique security code that frequently changes within a time span of 30 seconds (Taveau, Nahari and Ebay Inc. 2014). This is a mode of the authentication procedure, which cannot be breached by any hackers. Another leading name in the global e-commerce market amazon.co.uk is also focused on enhancing its security in the global e-commerce sector (Balduzziet al. 2012). They are currently following a Safe Harbor Framework to protect the privacy and the security of its customers. This SH Framework supports strong encryption methodology to provide standard security features to its customers (Connolly, 2013). Moreover, amazon.co.uk has adopted the Secure Socket Layer (SSL) technology that is provided by VeriSign to provide its customers with eternal se curity back up. The SSL service providers encrypt the data and deliver the message (information) to the host when a customer enters his/her credit card details (Soghoian and Stamm, 2012). This encryption procedure is followed by various other online securities amazon.co.uk have secured its online transaction system (Ismail, 2015). Moreover, the other online security services followed by amazon.co.uk are digital certificates in web server, SSL encryption, public key cryptography and access control list (ACL). Apart from eBay and amazon.co.uk other e-Companies like Argos, Next.co.uk, and Tesco are emphasizing more on increasing the customer security of its websites. Currently, Argos is providing its customers with Secured code for Visa and Master Card for providing online payment security to the customers (Siwach, 2014). Argos Company has undergone a partnership program with the various Master card and Visa card providers and coordinately produced various credit cards with unique and concrete code numbers. This code numbers acts like an online PIN number for use on Argos.co.uk website. This process provides the customers with great security and privacy (Dwivediet al. 2013). Adding to this, the SSL protocol and encryption of customer data is also performed in the online e-Commerce website of Argos. Even other online UK based e-Commerce companies like Next.co.uk and Tesco follow a robust protocol for providing safety and security to its customers. This safety and security measurement include s SSL servers, digital signature, encryption, cryptography, anti-virus implementation, firewall application and proper monitoring system (Zhang et al. 2012). All these above mentioned companies like eBay, amazon.co.uk, Argos, Next.co.uk, and Tesco follows a standard guideline in maintaining a usability design for its e-Commerce websites respectively. Firstly, they all keep their navigation simple, understandable and functional for the users. The menu sections of this websites are simplified to seven to eight headers (Oyomnoet al. 2013). They incorporate trendy and fun words to indicate a particular part considering the ease of use. Secondly, they all stick to known symbols in their navigation option to make the shopping experience of the customer more intuitive and user-friendly (Hasan, Morris and Probets, 2013). Thirdly, they keenly follow a small check out procedure. They made their log out process simple by only installing a go back or forward option. However, a simple checkout error is mandatory to indicate a proper and hassle-free checking out procedure. They followed this principle and made their checkout error messages simple, to t he point and understanding for the common users (Sivaji et al. 2011). Adding to this, they always focus on limiting down the loading process of the website, as it sometimes frustrates a customer and user. Most of the customers are not from a patient breed of class and to provide every customer depending on their mood and demand the website should be adored with fewer animations to increase the loading time. The last but the most important factor that all these online e-Commerce sites follow is that they made a automated search feature on their websites (Alrobaiet al. 2013). This would help the customers to search the exact product that they are looking for the website and would present it in front of their screen. Some of the e-Commerce websites due to their poor management and security policy have become victims of the security breach. Among these companies, Target.com has dealt with 70 million violations in the recent timeline. Some of the other online e-Commerce websites that has conferred immense loss and sacrificed the customer security are AOL.com, Play.com, CDuniverse.com, and SalesGate.com. In a recent project, a credit card thief with the false name Maxus stole more than 370,000 credit card numbers from the online music store by the name of CDuniverse.com. On the other hand, Play.com which is a leading online retailer in the United Kingdom has revealed that some unknown hackers have breached their data and more than 1,0000 customers those ethical hackers have leaked email addresses and other data (Tihanyiet al. 2015). Moreover, the clients who are anday to day user of this e-Commerce website has confirmed about receiving some spam and phishing emails from various unknown sources. Simi lar incidents had happened to the user of the AOL.com Mail user, and they claimed about some spam and phishing messages. Later, in the year 2014, the director of AOL Company has confirmed about the security breach of their company and asked their customers to change their password as a preventive measure. Some 520,000 users who have a mail account in AOL.com have complained about a possible hack of their email (Davis, 2015). The reason for this security breach inside this website is believed to have happened due to various legit reasons. Firstly, these e-commerce sites are very poorly maintained and are loaded with malware and Trojan. The second reason that contributes to the hacking idea is an insecure system configuration for using an un-patched technology. However, SalesGate.com, AOL showed a probable breaching due to poor network security. This lack of network security can happen due to various reasons (Turban et al. 2015). These websites namely Target.com, AOL.com, CDuniverse.com, Play.com, and SalesGate.com lack the SSL layer potential, and the network points like POS terminal, and third party vendor links loT-based devices, etc. were not adequately shielded and protected. These e-Commerce companies have lacked in utilizing the proper tools to monitor the data packages and DNS transactions. All this mismanagement and callousness among the website developers and website technicians of these companie s has resulted in breaching data and information (Zafar, Ko and Osei, 2012). However, the primary target of a corporation should be providing satisfaction to the customers. It is found that only satisfied customers have the tendency to return and shop from the same company. Therefore, e-Commerce service providers should also concentrate on satisfying their customers. It is easy to reach ordinary people through online services and promote marketing; however, it is found that there are very few e-commerce service providers who are thriving in the market without facing loss. The main reason behind the popularity of few e-commerce service providers (such as e-bay, amazon.com, etc.) is the customer satisfaction. Most of the successful e-commerce service providers introduced cart system to help the client to choose their own budget and shop accordingly (Fang et al. 2014). It is observed that most of the customers prefer credit card transaction to pay for their shopping; therefore the e-commerce service providers are concentrating on introducinga security proof onli ne credit card transaction system as well as alternative payment systems (like virtual money transaction etc.) to boost the customer satisfaction. The e-commerce service providers are also providing added policies such as providing an extra discount for using only credit cards to attract more people (Zhang, Zeng and He, 2012). Also, they are also giving quick search methods so that the customers can enter their requirements and find results within seconds with a large variety, which will be helpful to attract more customers. The customers love surfing for products, however sometimes could not buy them due to several reasons. For this reasons, e-commerce service providers are adding an extra wish list interface feature, which will be helpful to save the chosen product in the cart so that the customers can buy those products whenever they want. On the other hand, an addition of special features can also make an e-commerce business attractive but the customers need something more than simple features. This extra' thing is security. Customers who are paying through online always need to make sure that their transaction is completely secure, and their account details are out of the reach of hackers (Luo, Ba and Zhang, 2012). Therefore, the e-commerce service providers are building up their website with SSL data encryption framework to ensure the website security. It is observed that when the websites of e-commerce service providers show SSL certificate seals on the homepage, it automatically provides the cust omers and installs an instant trust factor (Lee and Kozar, 2012). Moreover, this up stage is giving customers the confidence to rely on those websites as they are ensuring the customers with the confidence of their personal data and information are safety before purchasing any item in that e-commerce website. Furthermore, the e-commerce service providers need to strengthen their security to a larger extent to influence more customers to purchase through them with more safety protocol. It is observed that anyone with technology, capability and opportunity can have the potentiality to cause a security breach (Huang and Benyoucef, 2013). Therefore, the e-commerce service providers need to consider the prevention steps against unauthorized modifications of data from that particular site and take care of the authentication of the data source. Besides, they also need to take care of the confidentiality and privacy of the customers. It is found there are many viruses, which can easily break the security systems provided by the e-commerce service providers, such as Trojans, Worms, Viruses, malicious ActiveX, etc (Ajakaiye and Krause, 2011). However, discussing the pros and cons of various e-commerce websites by critically evaluating the security and usability factor we have missed out the viewpoints of a customer satisfaction. The usability and security of an e-commerce site install faith and trust in the mind of its consumers and clients. The user interface of the websites acts as a channel through which customers get in touch with the e-service provider. There are various factors to install satisfaction among the customers and users following the B2C protocol (Hartanoet al. 2014). Several factors that establish faith trust and customer satisfaction are achieved by providing the customer with proper design interface. This convenient interface includes information design, navigation design, and visual design. Adding to this, quality of service and product also increases the satisfaction level of the customers and consumers. This includes the idea of providing the customers with proper information about a product describ ing every characteristic feature of it like colour, weight, height, etc. All these factors contribute to a better understanding between the two stakeholders (e-Company and the consumer).Adding to this, the security factor also installs faith and trust on the mind of the customers which is critical in increasing the customer base of the e-Commerce company online (Fischer, Halibozek and Walters, 2012). However, certain factors hamper the integrity of an e-commerce website that implicates several security issues like identity theft, credit card fraud, virus and DoS attacks, etc. Research Methodologies The present chapter of the research paper describes the different kinds of research process and research approach with the analyst accepted and rejected in the operations of the research paper. The present research paper based on different kinds of website usability and different kinds of security issues which majority of the buyers faces in the process of purchase and sales. The present research paper is based on the analyzing an E commerce website, about its features, application and different mode of transactions which this particular company adopts in the operations of the business (Abrishami and Peivandi, 2012). The selected website is Amazon.com. Amazon is one of the most popular and common American E commerce website, which mainly operates its business in different kinds of online transactions. In the present research paper, the investigator has used different kinds of research methodologies in order to complete the investigation procedure with appropriate information (Ushakov and Arkhipov, 2014). The most challenging jobs for the investigator is to complete the investigation procedure on time and to select the appropriate research methodology in order to complete the investigation procedure (Brambilla, Tokuda and Tolksdorf, 2012). Research approach, research designs and research philosophies are the three main research parameters, which the investigator adopts in the proceedings of the investigation procedure. The three kinds of research philosophies are positivism, realism and interpretism. Based on the requirements of the investigation procedure the analyst decides whether to choose the research philosophies. The three kinds of research philosophies have different kinds of utilities. In the present research paper, the investigator has used the concept of the positivism research philosophies (Anner, 2012). Positivism research philosophy allows the investigator to support the investigation procedure with real facts and materials with scientific approaches, which already exists in the universe. Inductive research approach and deductive research approach are the two kinds of research approach (Safko, 2012). The most important jobs of the investigator is choose whether to use inductive method of research approach and inductive method of research approach. In the present research approach, the analyst has used the concept of deductive research approach in order to organization the investigatio n procedure based on different issues E Commerce websites (Bredeson, 2012). With the help of the deductive method of research approach, the investigator will be able to develop the investigation procedure with relevant hypothesis. The investigator in the present research paper will be able to develop a proper research hypothesis with the application of deductive research approach (Shang, Zhang and Chen, 2012). There are three kinds of research designs, which the investigator adopts in the proceeding of the investigation procedure (Vincent and Agbola, 2012). Explanatory research design, exploratory research design and descriptive research design are the three research designs, which the analyst adopts in the research operations. In the present research paper on issues of different commercial websites, the analyst has used exploratory research work (Vincent and Agbola, 2012). Moreover, with the application of the explanatory research design the investigator in the present research pap er on E commerce website stability and securities will be able to focus on real facts and findings (Collins, 2012). Explanatory research design contributes in attempting to build a connection between two different variables that the research topic consists so that the research problem can be solved. This part of the study will cover the data finding procedure of the research paper. Primary data finding procedure and the secondary method of data finding procedure are the two accepted data finding procedure, which all the analyst uses in the research work. In the present research paper on issues of e commerce website the researcher used two source of data collecting procedure. The investigator has decided to use a mixed source of data analysis procedure. The two source of data analysis procedure in the investigation process are the primary source of analysis procedure and the secondary source of data analysis procedure (Eiselt and Sandblom, 2012). The primary source of data collection will provide useful data in collecting first hand data and on the other hand, the secondary data will be very much useful in collecting data from second hand source (Popping, 2012). The investigator divides the primary source of data collection into two parts. One is the quantitative part and on the other hand, is the qualitative part. However based on the requirements of the research work on issues of commercial websites the investigator mainly focused on the application of the quantitative data collection procedure. The researcher interrogated 12 people in the qualitative part of the data analysis procedure (Brambilla, Tokuda and Tolksdorf, 2012). The questionnaire, which was prepared by the investigator, consists of 10 questions based on the requirements on the investigation procedure on E commerce website with its stability and securities. Image of Snap Deal Image of Spyder Image of Ebay Image of Tesco Image of Amazon Data sampling method is also an important part of the analyzing procedure. The investigator used both probability method and non-probability method of sampling. Nearly, 12 people were interrogated in the quantitative part of the data analysis procedure (Greene, 2011). Researcher has undertaken different research methodologies for qualitative data collection (Vincent and Agbola, 2012). By maintaining the ethical constipation of the investigator procedure mainly the Data Protection Act and maintaining the confidentiality of the investigation, the investigator has organized the present research study. There are several research methodologies, but at the end, the investigator has decided to use positivism research philosophy in order to support the operations of the research work with real facts and findings (Hannes and Lockwood, 2012). The investigator has rejected other two research philosophies by accepting positivism research philosophy. On the other hand, the investigator has decided to use the deductive method of research approach by eliminating the inductive method of research approach (Vincent and Agbola, 2012). Finally, the investigator has decided to use the explanatory research work in the operations of the research work, eliminating explanatory design and descriptive research designs (Liu, 2012). Chapter 3: Findings and Critical Discussions This part of the study, mainly focus on the data analyzing procedure. The investigator has decided to focus mainly on quantitative data analysis procedure. The investigator keeping in mind the requirements of the investigation procedure prepared 10 questions. All the questions were prepared by analyzing different gaps in the literature review. The objective of the investigator is to analyze different kinds of gaps, which are found in the literature review. Quantitative Questionnaire Q1) Gender division of population. Options Total number of respondents Population Response in Percentage Male 6 10 60% Female 4 10 40% Table 1: Gender of the population Figure 1: Gender of the population Findings and Analysis From the above tabular information, the investigator has concluded about the gender of the population. The majority of the people present in the population were male and on the other hand, the reaming respondents were female. All of the respondents in the entire population were very much cooperative in the entire survey. The researcher in this part of the data analysis procedure was benefited in different ways, as all the respondents were very much cooperative with the researcher in the entire investigation procedure. Q2) Classification of age group Options Total number of respondents Population Response in Percentage Within15-25years 4 10 40% Within 25-40years 2 10 20% Within 40-50 years 2 10 20% Within 50-70 years 2 10 20% Table 2: Different age group of the population Figure 2: Different age group of the population Findings and Analysis From the above tabular information, the investigator has concluded about the age group of different people present in the present research survey. The investigator has classified the entire age group into four divisions. The first division of age group is between 15-25 years, the second division of age group belongs to 25-40 years, the third age group is divided between 40-50 years and the final division of the age group belongs to 50-70 years. It is clear from the above tabular information that majority of the people belongs to the 15-24 years. All the people in the entire research operation cooperated with the investigator in different ways. Q3) Do you agree with the fact that in E Commerce websites faces different kinds of security issues Options Total number of respondents Population Response in Percentage Strongly Agree 4 10 40% Agree 2 10 20% Neutral 2 10 20% Disagree 2 10 20% Strongly Disagree 0 10 0% Table 3: Opinion of the fact that E Commerce websites faces different kinds of security issues Table 3: Opinion of the fact that E Commerce websites faces different kinds of security issues Findings and Analysis From the above research question, the investigator has a mixed review. The majority of the people in the entire research operations have strongly agreed with the fact that majority of the E commerce site faces security issues. Nearly 20% of the people agreed with the fact E commerce websites need to focus on different kinds of security issues and on the other hand, the reaming 20% of the people were neutral and disagree with the point that E commence sites faces different issues in the business transactions. Globally there are certain issues, which are faced by different E commerce companies in the operations of the online transactions. Majority of the of the E commerce sites faces different kinds of issues on online payment transactions. Q4) Do you think websites like EBay, Snap deal, Amazon developed a strong security system on different kinds of online transaction. Options Number of respondents Total respondents Percentage Strongly Agree 5 10 50% Agree 2 10 20% Neutral 2 10 20% Disagree 1 10 10% Strongly Disagree 0 10 0% Table 4: Reviews of Amazon towards development a strong security system on different kinds of online transaction Figure 4: Reviews of Amazon towards development a strong security system on different kinds of online transaction Findings and Analysis From the above tabular information, the investigator has concluded about the development of security on the online business transactions of Amazon. The investigator has concluded that 50% of the entire population agreed with the fact that Amazon has taken different kinds of steps in the development process of online securities in the operations of the online transactions. Majority of the people globally do not want to use the online system as a mode of payment due to lack of security. Most of the people prefers the concept of cash on delivery instead the concept of online money transaction. In order to solve this particular problem, Amazon has developed the entire structure of the online security system. Amazon introduced the concept of HTTP(S) instead of HTTP in order to secure different modes of online transactions. Nearly, 20% of the people in the population agreed with the fact that Amazon has done well in order to solve some specific security issues in the operations of online business. The reaming 10% of the people were neutral and disagree with this particular research questions. According to this group of people, Amazon needs to increase and develop more security on the online business transactions in order to make the majority of the people more secure from different kinds of online and internet frauds. Q5) How frequent do you use E commerce websites for purchasing and online shopping? Options Number of respondents Total respondents Percentage Frequently 5 10 50% Often 2 10 20% Very often 1 10 10% Rarely 1 10 10% Never 1 10 10% Table 5: Frequency of using E commerce websites for marketing and online shopping Figure 5: Frequency of using E commerce websites for marketing and online shopping Findings and Analysis This is one of the most common and important questions developed by the investigator in the data analysis procedure. In modern generations, the application of internet provided one of the major breakthroughs and changed the entire concept of marketing. The objective of the present research paper is to identify the disadvantages of online marketing faced by the users globally. Security is one of the major concern which majority of the E commerce websites faces in the operations of the business. With the effect of online marketing, nearly 50% of the entire population prefers the concept of online marketing. This group of people wants to be benefited with the additional advantages that the E commerce websites offers to the people. Wide varieties of product and discounted price are the primary reason behind the online shopping. The reaming people in the population were often and rarely use the concept of online shopping. With the help of the technological advance most of the people globally prefers the concept and application of online shopping. Q6) what challenges do you face while buying products on online with the help of E commerce Sites? Options Number of respondents Total respondents Percentage Increased Website Traffic 2 10 20% Last Minute Promotions 2 10 20% Payment System 3 10 30% Security Issues 3 10 30% Holiday Shipping Demands 0 10 0% Table 6: Challenges faced by the customers while buying products on online with the help of E commerce Sites Figure 6: Challenges faced by the customers while buying products on online with the help of E commerce Sites Findings and Analysis It is one of the most common and important questions which the investigator has developed in the operations of the analysis. These are the some major issues, which the buyers face in the process of online marketing. Most of the people in the population agreed with the fact the payment system and different kinds security issues are the primary problem in the concept of online shopping. With the technological advancement, most of the E Commerce companies have developed a strong online business. However, there are some problems in the operations. The primary disadvantage is lack of security. On the other hand, 30% of the people in the population concluded that security issues is also an important problem in the in the overall process. Nearly 20% of the people suggested that the concept of last minute promotion is one of the most common issues, which the majority of the buyers face in the process of online shopping. Holiday shipping demand is another important challenge, which the buyers faces while purchasing. However, this problem is negligible as compared with other issues. Q7) How often do you face problems in e-commerce websites? Options Number of respondents Total respondents Percentage Frequently 5 10 50% Often 2 10 20% Very often 1 10 10% Rarely 1 10 10% Never 1 10 10% Table 7: Frequency of application of different kinds of E commerce sites Figure 7: Frequency of facing problems of different kinds of E commerce sites Findings and Analysis From the above tabular information, the investigator has concluded about the frequency of the E commerce website visit. The application of internet in marketing has changed the entire concept of shopping. There are certain advantages in the concept of online shopping. Majority of the users prefers the concept of online shopping in order to be benefited with different additional benefits. It is to be noted that there are some issues, which act as a barriers in the concept of online shopping. Security and the sustainability is the primary issues which the majority of the users faces in the operations of the online transactions. Half of the entire population uses the allocation of E commerce in a very frequent basis. The objective of this group of people is to get benefited with different kinds of additional options and additional benefits in the process of online shopping. On the other hand, 20% of the population uses the concept of online shopping very often. The reaming people of the popular do not use the concept of online shopping, usually prefers the concept of traditional shopping. Hence, it is very much clear, from the above findings and the research that the entire concept and trend of shopping has been changed entirely due to the application of various kinds of modern technology in marketing the entire trend of shopping has been changed. However, there are various kinds of disadvantages and security issues, which are highlighted in the present research paper. Q8) Do you believe your e-commerce website is secured enough. Options Number of respondents Total respondents Percentage Strongly Believe 5 10 50% Believe 2 10 20% Neutral 2 10 20% Doubtful 1 10 10% Strongly Doubtful 0 10 0% Table 8: Security of the E commerce Websites Figure 8: Security of the E commerce Websites Findings and Analysis From the above research question, the investigator concluded about various kinds of security issues which majority of the business firm faces in the operations of the investigation procedure. Half of the population strongly believes in the point that E commerce websites are secure enough in order to carry on different kinds of business transaction. Some group of people strong believes in the point that the E commerce site needs to develop more security in the process of E commerce. Nearly 20% of the people believe in the fact that the security needs to be increase in order to develop a proper E commerce system. The reaming 20% of the people doubt in the security system of E commerce. From the above question, it can be concluded that most of the people globally, believes in the concept of online marketing. The major challenge and barriers faced by the majority of the E commerce site is based on the security issues. Q9) what elements do you consider while visiting any e-commerce website? Options Number of respondents Total respondents Percentage Security 6 10 60% Feasibility 2 10 20% Sustainability 2 10 20% All of the above 0 10 0% Table 9: Different kinds of factors, which affect the operations of E Commerce Websites Figure 9: Different kinds of factors, which affect the operations of E Commerce Websites Findings and Analysis From the present research question, the investigator concluded about the factors, which hampers the purchasing decisions of the customers. From the above tabular information majority of the people concluded that security is the only issues in online marketing. On the other hand, reaming 20% of the people concluded about that feasibility and sustainability are the other two problems, which hamper the purchasing decision of the customers. Mode of payment is the payment is the primary issue, which majority of the customers fears in the concept of online shopping. Feasibility is another important factor, which affects the operation of online marketing. The last important factor, which is considered in the overall E commerce website, is the concept of the sustainability. Hence, it can be concluded that, the security issues is one of the major factor in the application of the online shopping. There are different steps which majority of the organization develops in the process of online marketing. Q10) Rate the security system of the modern e-commerce websites? Options Number of respondents Total respondents Percentage Very Poor 2 10 20% Poor 1 10 10% Average 5 10 50% Good 1 10 10% Excellent 0 10 0% Table 10: Security system in the application of different kinds of E Commerce sites Figure10: Security system in the application of different kinds of E Commerce sites Findings and Analysis From the above tabular information, the investigator has a mixed review on the security system of E commerce. In recent time, it is one of the most common and important issues which both the buyers and the sellers faces in the business operations. Majority of the people in the survey agreed with the fact, the security system of E commerce is average. Nearly 50% of the total people in the survey agreed with the fact that the security system of the entire E commerce site is average. On the other hand, some people in the population concluded that the security system of the E commerce site is poor followed by 20% of the people concluded that the security system of E commerce is very poor. In recent time, with the technological advancement, all the companies based on the nature of the trade tries to develop a proper security system. For example, the application of technology HTTP(S) made a huge contribution towards the development process of a proper communication system in the online bus iness transaction. However, the concept and application of online shopping has changed the entire trend of shopping. Majority of the people based on the requirements prefers the concept of online shopping as compared with the traditional mode of shopping in order to be benefited in different ways. However, there are certain challenges and certain issues and certain challenges faced by majority of the E commerce sites. Chapter Summary This chapter mainly highlights different kinds of findings, which the investigator has concluded about the operations of the research work. In this chapter, the investigator summarizes 10 questions, which was prepared by keeping in mind the requirements of the research paper. The investigator in the present research paper mainly reflects on different kinds of issues, which are in the E commerce site in the operations of purchase and sales. The present research paper mainly focuses on different issues, which the majority of the E commerce sites face in the business operations. At present, website usability and security is one of the major concerns for every E commerce website. The investigator in the present research paper mainly focuses on different kinds of issues on E commerce sites. In order to conduct an effective research the investigator has gone through different kinds of commercial websites which operates its business in E commerce. However, the investigator has focused on di fferent kinds of issues faced by some popular and unpopular E commerce sites. Conclusion The concluding part of the research paper summaries about different kinds usability and security issues faced by different commercial websites in the operations of the business. The concept of online marketing has certain advantages as well as disadvantages. The objective of the present study is to highlight some of the major disadvantages in the operations of the E commerce site. The present study is divided into several parts. The first part of the study is the introduction part; the second part of the study is the literature review part, the third part of the study mainly describes about the methodologies. The forth chapter is the most crucial part in the entire research paper. The fifth chapter summarizes the concluding part as well as the recommending part of the research paper. Keeping in mind the requirements of the research paper, the investigator has organized the entire investigation procedure. The investigator in the present study mainly focused on various kinds of disadvantages and issues, which are faced by the uses on the time of online business transaction. The application and the concept of E commerce have brought one of the major breakthroughs in the operations of the business. This part of the study will highlight the advantages and disadvantages which on E commerce. The primary advantage it allows the customers to save time and it allows the customers to save time and on the other hand, it provides all the customers to select the products from wide varieties. On the other hand, there are certain disadvantages in the concept of E commerce. The researcher in the present study highlights some of the major issues and challenges which majority of the E Commerce sites faced in the business operations. Security and website instability are the major two global problems, which some group of users faced while shopping online. The researcher in the study mainly spotlight on the different kinds of securities issues and challenges faced by the users while shopping online. In order to support the research work with effective data and information the investigator has searched different E commerce websites. For example, Amazon.com, Ebay.com and Snapdeal.com are the other three commercial websites, which the researcher searched in the operations of the research work. In order to solve this particular problem different initiative have been taken by different companies in order to make the technological advancement in a much better manner. In order to develop a proper security system in the website the application of HTTP(S), introduced by the majority of the companies in order to make it more secure from different kinds of frauds. Reflection I have learnt many things in my program at GSM London throughout the years. Our university is one of the most common and important university across the country. Different students join the organization from different cultural backgrounds. The way of communication and the way of approach differs from each other. While organizing the present study, I have gone through different kinds of activities. Professors and official staffs helped me a lot while organizing every research paper. I have learned many extracurricular activities from my seniors. What was most important about the investigation procedure is the application of the fieldwork. In order to organize a proper data collection process, the application of the fieldwork was very much important. I have learned some unique activities from my professors, which will not only ensure me in completing the research work but will allow me to apply these skills in my studies. It is more important for me to utilize this particular opportuni ty. It was one of the excellent opportunities for me to gather more knowledge and apply proper skills in the operations of the research work. This research work helped me a lot to develop proper communication skills with my seniors and professors. This communication helped me a lot to find a proper solution for my research gaps. GSM program has also helped me to evaluate my strengths and weakness in an effective manner. On the other hand, I have learned many different things from my peer groups. Our University is one of the most popular and famous university across the country. Different students join the university from different cultural backgrounds. The ways of communication and the way of working differs from each other. I have learned different additional things from my peer groups, such as way of studies and application of knowledge and skills in a different way and approaches. The most important and unique thing which I have learned is the application of proper knowledge and skills in a practical workplace. Learning and evolution of different kinds of modern theories is an important part of studies and on the other hand, application of these theories is equally important. By consulting and developing proper communication skills with my peers, I have learned different modes of applications of knowledge and skills in the practical workplace. I have also learned that several modes of communicati on is also important that helped me in the learning process. It was one of the most difficult and challenging job to complete the investigation process on time. With the help of my seniors as well as with the help of my teachers I was able to complete the investigation process on time with effective data and findings. 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Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree Question 5: How frequent do you use E commerce websites for purchasing and online shopping? Frequently Often Veryoften Rarely Never Question 6: What challenges do you face while buying products on online with the help of E commerce Sites? Increased Website Traffic Last Minute Promotions Payment System Security Issues Holiday Shipping Demands Question 7: How often do you face problems in e-commerce websites? Frequently Often Veryoften Rarely Never Question 8: Do you believe your e-commerce website is secured enough? Strongly Believe Believe Neutral Doubtful Strongly Doubtful Question 9: What elements do you consider while visiting any e-commerce website? Security Feasibility Sustainability All of the above Question 10: Rate the security system of the modern e-commerce websites? Very Poor Poor Average Good Excellent