The Effective Use of Tone in Flannery OConnors A Good Man is Hard to

The Effective Use of Tone in Flannery O'Connor's A Good Man is Hard to Find Flannery O'Connor's short story, "A Good Man is Hard to Find," begins with a Southern family preparing to go on what seems to be a typical vacation. The story is humorous at first because the reader is unaware of how the story will end. The tone changes dramatically from amusing to frightening and plays an important part in making the story effective. The narrator starts the story giving background information about the grandmother and her son, Bailey. The narrator explains that the "grandmother didn't want to go to Florida" (320). Although a major conflict could result from her dislike of the family's choice of vacation spots, it does not. When the grandmother first speaks she asks Bailey to read a newspaper article that she has found. She attempts to change his mind about not going to Florida, by saying, "Here this fellow that calls himself The Misfit is aloose from the Federal Pen and headed toward Florida and you read here what it says he did to these people..." (320). Bailey does not ...

Sex in Indian Society

Hindu views of homosexuality and, in general, LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) issues, are diverse. Same-sex relations and gender variance have been represented within Hinduism from Vedic times through to the present day, in rituals, law books, religious or so-called mythical narratives, commentaries, paintings, and sculpture. The extent to which these representations embrace or reject homosexuality has been disputed within the religion as well as outside of it. In 2009, The United Kingdom Hindu Council issued a statement that ‘Hinduism does not condemn homosexuality', subsequent to the decision of the Delhi High Court to legalise homosexuality in India Unlike the West, the Hindu society does not have the concept of ‘sexual orientation' that classifies males on the basis of who they desire. However, there is a strong, ancient concept of third gender, which is for individuals who have strong elements of both male and female in them. Third genders include males with a predominant feminine soul or gender orientation. These males are not classified as men. Only non-feminine gendered males are classified as ‘men. ‘ The Hindu society, since the ancient times, does not consider the men's desire or sexual activity with men, the same as that of a third gender's desire or sexual activity with men. Although, the society, formally does not acknowledge sexuality between men, it formally acknowledges and gives space to sexuality between men and third genders as a variation of male-female sex (i. e. , a part of heterosexuality, rather than homosexuality, if analysed in western terms). In fact, Hijras, Alis, Kotis, etc. — the various forms of third gender that exist in India today, all are characterized by the gender role of having receptive anal and oral sex with men. Sexuality between men (as distinct from third genders) have nevertheless thrived, mostly unspoken, informally, within men's spaces, without being seen as ‘different' in the way its seen in the West. Like in other non-western cultures, it is considered more or less, a universal aspect of manhood, even if not socially desirable. Its the effeminate male sexuality for men (or for women) which is seen as ‘different,' and differently categorised. Men often refer to their sexual play with each other as ‘Masti. Western concept of Homosexuality seeks to break this distinction between third gender and men, and to isolate sexuality between men along with the third genders, with all its negative consequences. As such, men in India have long resisted the concept of ‘gay,' and have sex with men without identifying as a ‘homosexual. Gay activists, have sought to introduce a locally acceptable term for ‘homosexual' for two decades, without success. Finally, the term MSM was taken, because it was technically difficult for men to avoid, if they had sex with men. However, it too was rejected by Indian men, as if was seen as just another term for ‘gay. ‘ In the past few years, however, the concept of ‘homosexuality' has finally taken root, as men's spaces have weakened because o f Westernization and gay groups becoming strong with years of gay and AIDS activism. A significant fallout of this has been that sexual desire between men, which was near universal earlier, is now become more and more isolated from the mainstream, as men are distancing themselves from it because of the stigma of effeminacy or third gender attached to the notion of ‘gay. ‘ Things have become so bad in some westernized urban spaces, that two men can no longer hold hands — something which was a common sight in India, not too far back. Contemporary Hindu society Sexuality is rarely discussed openly in contemporary Hindu society, especially in modern India where homosexuality was illegal until 2009, due to colonial British laws. On July 2, 2009 The Delhi High Court in a historic judgement decriminalised homosexuality in India; where the court noted that the existing laws violated fundamental rights to personal liberty (Article 21 of the Indian Constitution) and equality (Article 14) and prohibition of discrimination (Article 15). Even before this judgement, in India homosexuals were very rarely prosecuted despite the existence of such laws in the penal code. Even though Hinduism is never known to exclusively ban homosexuality, certain Hindu nationalist factions are opposed to legalizing homosexuality while certain others choose to remain silent. However, in the last twenty years homosexuality has become increasingly visible in the print and audio-visual media, with many out LGBT people, an active LGBT movement, and a large Indian LGBT presence on the Internet. From the 1990s onward, modern gay and lesbian Hindu organizations have surfaced in India's major cities and in 2004, plausible calls were made for the first time to repeal India's outdated and nontraditional laws against homosexuality Deepa Mehta's 1996 film Fire, which depicts a romantic relationship between two Hindu women, was informally banned for â€Å"religious insensitivity† after Hindu Nationalists attacked cinemas where it was being screened on the grounds that it denigrated Indian culture, not on the grounds of homophobia per se,a position shared and confirmed by feminist Madhu Kishwar. In addition, The Bharatiya Janata Party (Hindu Nationalist Party) who were in power in India at the time, refused to ban it Similar protests occurred in 2004 against the lesbian-themed film Girlfriend — even though the portrayal of lesbianism was this time distinctly unsympathetic Several human-rights groups such as the People's Union for Civil Liberties have asserted that sexual minorities in India face severe discrimination and violence, especially those from rural and lower caste backgrounds. Hijras and other third-gender groups are similarly oppressed in modern-day India, forced to live on the margins of society In her book, Love's Rite, Ruth Vanita examines the phenomena of same-sex weddings, many by Hindu rites, which have been reported by the Indian press over the last thirty years and with increasing frequency. In the same period, same-sex joint suicides have also been reported. Most of these marriages and suicides are by lower middle-class female couples from small towns and rural areas across the country; these women have no contact with any LGBT movements. Both cross-sex and same-sex couples, when faced with family opposition, tend to resort to either elopement and marriage or to joint suicide in the hope of reunion in the next life. Vanita examines how Hindu doctrines such as rebirth and the genderlessness of the soul are often interpreted to legitimize socially disapproved relationships, including same-sex ones. In a 2004 survey, most — though not all — swamis said they opposed the concept of a Hindu-sanctified gay marriage. But several Hindu riests have performed same-sex marriages, arguing that love is the result of attachments from previous births and that marriage, as a union of spirit, is transcendental to gender. Many Indian and Hindu intellectuals now publicly support LGBT civil rights. Some liberal Hindu reform movements, especially those in the West, also support social acceptance of gays, lesbians and other gender minorities. Psychoanalyst Sudhir Kakar writes that Hindus are more accepting of â€Å"deviance or eccentricity† than are adherents of Western religions, who typically treat sexual variance as â€Å"anti-social or psychopathological, requiring ‘correction' or ‘cure'†. Hindus, he argues, believe instead that each individual must fulfill their personal destiny (svadharma) as they travel the path towards moksha (transcendence). Commenting on the legalization of homosexuality in India; Anil Bhanot, general secretary of The United Kingdom Hindu Council said: The point here is that the homosexual nature is part of the natural law of God; it should be accepted for what it is, no more and no less. Hindus are generally conservative but it seems to me that in ancient India, they even celebrated sex as an enjoyable part of procreation, where priests were invited for ceremonies in their home to mark the beginning of the process[ The third gender Hindu philosophy has the concept of a third sex or third gender (tritiya-prakriti – literally, â€Å"third nature†). This category includes a wide range of people with mixed male and female natures such as transgenders, homosexuals, transsexuals, bisexuals, the intersexed, and so on. Such persons are not considered fully male or female in traditional Hinduism, being a combination of both. They are mentioned as third sex by nature (birth and are not expected to behave like ordinary men and women. They often keep their own societies or town quarters, perform specific occupations (such as masseurs, hairdressers, flower-sellers, domestic servants, etc. ) and are generally attributed a semi-divine status. ‘Their participation in religious ceremonies, especially as crossdressing dancers nd devotees of certain temple gods/goddesses, is considered auspicious in traditional Hinduism. Some Hindus believe that third-sex people have special powers allowing them to bless or curse others. In Hinduism, the universal creation is honored as unlimitedly diverse and the recognition of a third sex is simply one more aspect of this understanding. In 2008, the state of Tamil Nadu recognised the â€Å"Third Gender†; with its civil supplies department giving in the ration card a provision for a new sex column as ‘T', distinct from the usual ‘M' and ‘F' for males and females respectively. This was the first time that authorities anywhere in India have officially recognised the third gender. Hindu religious narratives The Hindu god Shiva is often represented as Ardhanarisvara, with a dual male and female nature. This sculpture is from the Elephanta Caves near Mumbai. In the Hindu narrative tradition, stories of gods and mortals changing gender occur. Sometimes they also engage in sexual activities as different reeincarnated genders. Homosexual and transgender Hindus commonly identify with and worship the various Hindu deities connected with gender diversity such as Ardhanarisvara (the hermaphrodite form of Shiva); Aravan (a hero whom Krishna married after becoming a woman); Ayyappa (a god born from the union of Shiva and Mohini, a female incarnation of Vishnu); Bahuchara-devi (a goddess connected with trans-sexuality and eunuchism); Bhagavati-devi (a Hindu goddess associated with crossdressing); Bhagiratha Maharaja (an Indian king born of two female parents); Caitanya Mahaprabhu (an incarnation of Radha and Krishna combined); Chandi-Chamunda (twin warrior goddesses); Gadadhara (an incarnation of Radha in male form); Gangamma-devi (a goddess connected with crossdressing and disguises); Harihara (Shiva and Vishnu combined); Kartikeya; Vallabhavardhana, Yellamma-devi and countless others There are also specific festivals connected to the worship of such gender-variant deities, some of which are famous in India for their crossdressing devotees and homosexual undertones. These festivals include the Aravan Festival of Tamil Nadu, the Ayyappa and Chamaya-Villaku Festivals of Kerala, the Bahucara-mata Festivals of Gujarat and the Yellamma-devi Festivals of Karnataka, among others Mahabharata In the Mahabharata, as the result of a curse he was compelled to honor, the hero Arjuna takes a â€Å"vow of eunuchism,† that is, to live as the third sex for a year: â€Å"O lord of the Earth, I will declare myself as one of the â€Å"neuter† sex. O monarch, it is, indeed difficult to hide the marks of the bowstring on my arms. I will, however, cover both my cicatrized arms with bangles. Wearing brilliant rings on my ears and conch-bangles on my wrists and causing a braid to hang down from my head, I shall, O king, appear as one of the third sex, Vrihannala by name Another important character, Shikhandi, is born female, but raised as a boy. Sihkandi's father, King Drupada, had begged the god Mahadeva to give him a son, to which Mahadeva replied: â€Å"Thou shalt have a child who will be a female and male. Desist, O king, it will not be otherwise. † When Sikhandi comes of age and marries, Sikhandi's wife â€Å"soon came to know that Sikhandiwas a woman like herself, refusing him. † Fleeing from the unnamed wife's enraged father, Sikhandi encounters a male Yaksha (nature spirit) in the forest, and they agree to swap sexes. Now in a male body, Sikhandi proves to his father-in-law that he is truly male, after the latter sends â€Å"a number of young ladies of great beauty† to Sikhandi to test him. They report back that he is â€Å"a powerful person of the masculine sex,† and Sikhandi becomes a skilled and famous warrior, playing a pivotal role in the war. Ramayana In some versions of the Krittivasa Ramayana, the most popular Bengali text on the pastimes of Lord Ramachandra (an incarnation of Vishnu), there is an interesting narrative of two queens that conceived a child together. When the famous king of the Sun Dynasty, Maharaja Dilipa, died, the demigods become concerned that he did not have a son to continue his line. Lord Shiva therefore appeared before the king's two widowed queens and commanded them, â€Å"You two make love together and by my blessings you will bear a beautiful son. The two wives, with great affection for each other, executed Shiva's order until one of them conceived a child. Unfortunately, however, the child was born boneless, but by the blessings of a sage, Astavakra, the child was restored to full health and continued the dynasty. Astavakra accordingly named the child â€Å"Bhagiratha† – he who was born from two vulvas . Bhagiratha later became one of the most famous kings of India and is credited with bringing the Ganges River down to earth through his austerities. Hindu texts Hindus have many sacred texts and different communities give special importance to different texts. Even more so than in other religions, Hindus also foster disparate interpretations of the meaning of various texts. The Vedas, which form the foundation of Hinduism for many, do not refer explicitly to homosexuality, but Rigveda says Vikruti Evam Prakriti (perversity/diversity is what nature is all about, or, what seems un-natural is also natural), which some scholars believe recognizes the cyclical constancy of homosexual/transsexual dimensions of human life, like all forms of universal diversities. People of a third gender (tritiya-prakriti), not fully men nor women, are mentioned here and there throughout Hindu texts such as the Puranas but are not specifically defined. In general they are portrayed as effeminate men, often cowardly, and with no desire for women. Modern readers often draw parallels between these and modern stereotypes of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender sexual identities. Historians Ruth Vanita and Saleem Kidwai, in their pioneering book, Same-Sex Love in India: Readings from Literature and History, for the first time compiled extracts from Indian texts, from ancient to modern times, including many Hindu texts, translated from 15 Indian languages. In their accompanying analytical essays, they also demonstrated that Hindu texts have discussed and debated same-sex desire from the earliest times, in tones ranging from critical to non-judgmental to playful and celebratory. Historian Devdutt Pattanaik summarizes the place of homosexuality in Hindu literature as follows: â€Å"though not part of the mainstream, its existence was acknowledged but not approved. † Other Indologists assert that homosexuality was not approved for brahmanas or the twice-born but accepted among the lower classes. In his book, Tritiya-Prakriti: People of the Third Sex, Vaishnava monk Amara Das Wilhelm demonstrates how ancient expressions of Hinduism accommodated homosexual and transgender persons much more positively than we see in India today: â€Å"Early Vedic teachings stressed responsible family life and asceticism but also tolerated different types of sexualities within general society Manu Smriti The Manuscript, which lists the oldest codes of conduct that were proposed to be followed by a Hindu, does include mention of homosexual practices, but only as something to be regulated. Though homosexuality was considered a part of sexual practices, it was not always well accepted. There were punishments prescribed for homosexual behaviour. For instance, the verse referring to sexual relations between an older woman and a virgin (woman) reads†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ woman who pollutes a damsel (virgin) shall instantly have (her head) shaved or two fingers cut off, and be made to ride (through the town) on a donkey†, suggesting a severe punishment. However, the verse referring to sexual relations between two virgins suggests a relatively milder punishment – â€Å"†¦ a damsel who pollutes (another) damsel must be fined two hundred (panas), pay the double of her (nuptial) fee, and receive ten (lashes with a) rod†. These provisions, quoted out of context, seem homophobic, but in fact they are concerned not with the gender of the partners but with the loss of virginity that rendered a young woman unworthy of marriage. For instance, the punishment for a forced sex act between a man and a woman states â€Å"†¦ if any man through insolence forcibly contaminates a maiden, two of his fingers shall be instantly cut off, and he shall pay a fine of six hundred (panas)†, which seems more severe in comparison to the punishment prescribed for the same act between two virgins. Sex between non-virgin women incurred a very small fine, while homosexual intercourse between men was sought to be censured by a prescription of a bath with one's clothes on, and a penance of â€Å"eating the five products of the cow and keeping a one-night fast†- the penance being a replacement of the traditional concept of homosexual intercourse resulting in a loss of caste. The discrepancy in treatment may have been due to the text's non-equal views on males and females, considering that the Manusmriti is the same scripture that has stated that the status of woman in the society is the same (or even lower than) that of a man’s land, his cattle and other possessions. For Brahmanas and twice-born men, â€Å"causing an injury to a priest, smelling wine or things that are not to be smelled, crookedness, and sexual union with a man are traditionally said to cause loss of caste In the same chapter, the atonement for twice-born men is a ritual bath: â€Å"A twice-born man who has intercourse with a male, or with a female in a cart drawn by oxen, in water, or in the day-time, shall bathe, dressed in his clothes. Here again, it can be noticed that the proscriptions are specifically for brahmana and twice-born males; there is no mention in the Manu Smriti of punishment for homosexual behavior between males of the other classes. The majority of sexual matters dealt with by the law books are heterosexual in nature, and the punishments prescribed for heterosexual transgressions are often more severe. For example, â€Å"A man who is not a Brahmana ought to suffer death for adultery (samgrahana)† (2. 8. 359). The Manu Smriti also notes the biological origins of a third gender: â€Å"A male child is produced by a greater quantity of male seed, a female child by the prevalence of the female; if both are equal, a third-sex child [napumsaka] or boy and girl twins are produced; if either are weak or deficient in quantity, a failure of conception results. † (MS 3. 49) Narada Smriti The Narada Smriti, written around 400 CE, forbids the marriage of homosexual men (mukhebhaga – men who perform oral sex on other men) to women: â€Å"These four irsyaka, sevyaka, vataretas, and mukhebhaga] are to be completely rejected as unqualified for marriage, even for a woman who has been raped. † (NS 1. 12. 15) The Narada Smriti also lists fourteen different types of panda or men who are impotent with women. Kama Sutra The Kama Sutra is an ancient text dealing with kama or desire (of all kinds), which in Hindu thought is one of the four normative and spiritual goals of life. The Kama Sutra is the earliest extant and most important work in the Kama Shastra tradition of Sanskrit literature. It was compiled by the hilosopher Vatsyayana around the 4th century, from earlier texts, and describes homosexual practices in several places, as well as a range of sex/gender ‘types'. The author describes techniques by which masculine and feminine types of the third sex (tritiya-prakriti), as well as women, perform fellatio. The Second Part, Ninth Chapter of Kama Sutra specifically describes two kinds of men that we would recognize today as masculine- and feminine-type homosexuals but which are mentioned in older, Victorian British translations as simply â€Å"eunuchs. † The chapter describes their appearances – feminine types dressed up as women whereas masculine types maintained muscular physiques and grew small beards, moustaches, etc. – and their various professions as masseurs, barbers and prostitutes are all described. Such homosexual men were also known to marry, according to the Kama Sutra: â€Å"There are also third-sex citizens, sometimes greatly attached to one another and with complete faith in one another, who get married together. † (KS 2. 9. 36). In the â€Å"Jayamangala† of Yashodhara, an important twelfth-century commentary on the Kama Sutra, it is also stated: â€Å"Citizens with this kind of homosexual inclination, who renounce women and can do without them willingly because they love one another, get married together, bound by a deep and trusting friendship After describing fellatio as performed between men of the third sex, the Sutra then mentions the practice as an act between men and women, wherein the homosexuals acts are scorned, especially for brahmanas. (KS 2. 9. 37) The Kama Sutra also refers to svairini, who are â€Å"independent women who frequent their own kind or others† (2. 8. 26) — or, in another passage: â€Å"the liberated woman, or svairini, is one who refuses a husband and has relations in her own home or in other houses† (6. 6. 50). In a famous commentary on the Kama Sutra from the 12th century, Jayamangala, explains: â€Å"A woman known for her independence, with no sexual bars, and acting as she wishes, is called svairini. She makes love with her own kind. She strokes her partner at the point of union, which she kisses. † (Jayamangala on Kama Sutra 2. 8. 13). The various practices of lesbians are described in detail within the Second Part, Eighth Chapter of the Kama Sutra.

Analysis of Eric Schlosser´s Fast Food Nation - 811 Words

Eric Schlosser’s novel Fast Food Nation provides a deep insight into the systematic and unified world of the fast food industry. From the title alone, readers develop a clear sense of the author’s intention for writing this book. Schlosser’s purpose for writing the novel is to raise awareness about the impact and consequences of fast food industries on society. The purpose of the novel is achieved by the author’s use of personal stories, and by relating fast food to various aspects of society. The invasion of fast food is hard to overlook and its domineering power can penetrate the utmost formidable barriers. Despite the million dollar security system in place at the Cheyenne Mountain military base, fast food deliveries frequently infiltrate the base with its readily made cheap goods (Schlosser 2). Schlosser’s input of the scenario shows audiences that the fast food industry wield greater power than the American military. With that mindset implant ed, Schlosser can freely explore and expose the facades of the industry’s power. Schlosser dedicates majority of the novel to the meatpacking industries and its close, intimate relationship with the fast food industry. Over the last fifty years, meatpacking have gone from being a well-paid and desirable position, to a minimum wage labor supplied mainly by illiterate, illegal immigrants (Schlosser 154). A new meatpacking system integrated in the 1960s quickened production rate by implanting the ideology of the assembly line andShow MoreRelatedEssay on Challenging Beliefs in Schlossers Fast Food Nation544 Words   |  3 Pagesthought-provoking book, Fast Food Nation, Eric Schlosser argues that Americas fast food franchises have played a major role in contributing to the obesity and ill health of Americans. 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Post Traumatic Stress Disorder - 1004 Words

The current criteria of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder has changed since the DSM-IV. In the DSM-V, the diagnostic criteria draws a clearer line when detailing what establishes a traumatic event. The DSM-V pays more attention to the behavioral symptoms that accompany PTSD and proposes four distinct diagnostic clusters instead of three. They are described as re-experiencing, avoidance, negative cognitions and mood, and arousal. Re-experiencing is the spontaneous memories of the traumatic event, recurrent dreams related to it, flashbacks or other intense psychological distress. Avoidance refers to distressing memories, thoughts, feelings or external reminders of the event. Negative cognitions and moods represent endless feelings from a†¦show more content†¦People with PTSD are at much greater risk for developing other anxiety disorders, depression, eating disorders, and substance use disorders. In addition to mental health problems, people with PTSD are also 6 times as likely a s someone without PTSD to attempt suicide. People with PTSD also seem to be at greater risk for a number of physical health problems, including pain, diabetes,obesity, heart problems, respiratory problems, and sexual dysfunction. PTSD can also interfere with a persons ability to work and maintain relationships. People with PTSD miss more days at work and work less efficiently than people without PTSD. Certain symptoms of PTSD, such as having a hard time concentrating and problems with sleeping, may make it difficult for a person with PTSD to pay attention at work, stay organized, or even make it to work on time. It has been found that people with PTSD may be more likely to not make it through high school or college. In addition, people with PTSD are more likely to have problems in their marriage than people without PTSD. Partners of people with PTSD are faced with a number of stressors that go along with caring for and living with someone with a chronic disease. These stressors are financial strain, managing the persons symptoms, dealing with crises, loss of friends, or loss of intimacy. These stressors can have a major negative impact on a relationship. Today, there are many treatments available for PTSD. CognitiveShow MoreRelatedPost Traumatic Stress Disorder980 Words   |  4 PagesToday we are here to figure out why is it that past events are the triggers that cause Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is an anxiety disorder that some people get after seeing or undergoing a dangerous event. There are various symptoms that begin to show or actions that can give a clear answer whether one may be diagnosed with this disorder. One of the many problems is that no age range is safe from suffering PTSD. 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TheseRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder884 Words   |  4 Pagesof traumatic incidents, such as mugging, rape, torture, being kidnapped or held captive, child abuse, car accidents, train wrecks, plane crashes, bombings, or natural disasters such as floods or earthquakes.† (NIMH) Families of veterans struggle to help their loved ones. â€Å"Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder caused by a person’s exposure to life-threatening or otherwise traumatic circumstances.† (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder affectsRead MorePost-Traumatic Stress Disorder1630 Words   |  7 Pagesare now accessing mental health services for the treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) defined by DSM-IV-TR is â€Å"characterised by the re-experiencing of an extremely traumatic event accompanied by symptoms of increased arousal and by avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma† (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 2000). There are many impacts and effects this disorder has on refugees requiring treatment, interventions, education andRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder1086 Words   |  5 Pagesfirst hand the effects of posttraumatic stress disorder. It is not possible to respond to emergency after emergency and not be subject to some of PTSD’s effects. When I saw this topic in the list I felt compelled to use this opportunity to learn more. My hope is by increasing my knowledge, of a disorder s o prevalent in my career field; I can recognize the symptoms in others and myself before there effect becomes devastating. 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Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) has always existed, PTSD was once considered a psychological condition of combat veterans who were â€Å"shocked† by and unable to face their experiences on the battlefield. Much of the general public and many mental health professionals doubted whether PTSD was a true disorder (NIMH)Read MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) Essay1401 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to the Mayo-Clinic Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, commonly known as PTSD is defined as â€Å"Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that s triggered by a terrifying event — either experiencing it or witnessing it. Symptoms may include flashbacks, nightmares and severe anxiety, as well as uncontrollable thoughts about the event† (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). Post Trau matic Stress disorder can prevent one from living a normal, healthy life. In 2014, Chris Kyle playedRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) Essay1453 Words   |  6 Pages84.8% of those diagnosed Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder still show moderate impairment of symptoms, even 30 plus years after the war (Glover 2014). As of today, the Unites States has 2.8 million veterans who served in the Afghanistan and Iraq wars, of those it is estimated that 11 to 20% currently suffer from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. As of 2013, a total of 12,632 veterans of the Afghanistan and Iraq wars are currently diagnosed with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (Glover 2014). Of course itRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1471 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 1 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Student’s Name Course Title School Name April 12, 2017  Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder that many people are facing every day, and it appears to become more prevalent. This disorder is mainly caused by going through or experiencing a traumatic event, and its risk of may be increased by issues

How Psychological Theory Can Support Individuals with...

Describe, analyse and evaluate how psychological theory can support individuals with additional needs within an environment. The wide range of Special educational needs (SEN) , meaning schools have to be adaptable and diverse to cater for the wide range of additional needs. This essay will briefly describe the range of SEN and outline how historical findings, government strategies and different psychological theories have changed the way SEN are approached. Types of SEN: ‘Autism was first described by the American Leo Kanner in 1943’ (Hodder Arnold., 2002.,) Students with Autism are known to suffer from social problems and find it hard to understand different social situations so would need consistency and routine in their lives along†¦show more content†¦They believed teachers could change the way they approach different SEN and make amendments for those who needed it in order to cater for their needs. In 1978 The Warnock report set out to provide provisions for handicapped children in ordinary schools. The report focused on many subjects that can be seen as important towards dyslexic students such as the proposal to drop categorisation as this would enable students to be seen as individuals rather than a group of students with similar needs meaning IEPs could be implemented to help them. The report also suggested extra teacher education to enable teachers to understand the need for curricular considerations for certain students. In 1981 the Education act made it a legal requirement to assess children in order to discover the scale of their learning difficulties; this would specifically target student’s individual needs which can be seen as a great advantage. The Special Educational Needs and Disability Act (SENDA) was implemented in 2001 to ensure that disabled students are not discriminated against in education or any other learning environments. The Act included a wide range of opportunities to be made for those with SEN such as field trips, courses and work placements in order for them to socialize with people with equal learning difficulties. Gifted and talented: Looking at the history of SEN it would appear that there is very little recognition of students whoShow MoreRelatedImpact Of Theory On Data Review1392 Words   |  6 PagesImpact of Theory on Data Review NSM. The NSM looks at a system that is constantly changing. Health and wellness is on a continuum with use of prevention and intervention to maintain optimal wellness. The health of the cancer survivor returning to primary has a very different definition of optimal wellness. The NMS premise the primary means of nursing influencing patient needs is prevention care (Hoffman, 2012). 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This paper will discuss the characteristics in the creation of social disparity, the relationship of theories to individuals and families experiencing social disparity, the theory which best applies, a plan to combat social disparities in family health, how the interventionsRead MoreThe Nurse s Role As Educator And A Review Of Learning Theories1546 Words   |  7 PagesThe Nurse’s Role as Educator and a Review of Learning Theories Nurses are critical to the success of patient education in the health care setting. The amount of time that nurses spend at the bedside, positions them to help families cope with illness, prevent disease, promote health, and learn the self-care skills for discharge planning. In this paper, I will summarize some of the topics from Susan Bastable’s textbook, Nurse as Educator: Principles of Teaching and Learning for Nursing Practice.Read MoreAnalysis Of Bartholomew Quot ; An Adult Attachment Model1378 Words   |  6 Pagesattachment, and how the behaviors, thoughts, and feelings associated with this group disrupts the fundamental need for meaningful connections to people. Baumeister Leary (1995) developed the Need to Belong Theory, which states that people have a pervasive drive to form and maintain stable interpersonal relationships marked by stability, affective concern, and longevity. Research provides empirical data that those with a dismissive attachment style present with behaviors that negate the need to form andRead MoreThe Philosophical And Theoretical Roots Of Pender s Theory809 Words   |  4 Pagesphilosophical and theoretical roots of Pender’s theory are similar to Nightingales Environmental theory model. According to Pender, Murdaugh Parson (2011) human beings interact with their environment and shape it to meet their needs and goals. Two of Pender’s theories that are explained in the HPM are the expectancy value theory and the social cognitive theory. According to Pender, Murdaugh Parson (2011) the expectancy value theory individuals engage in actions to achieve goals that are perceivedRead MoreBiological And Psychological Perspectives On Genetic And Mental Disorders963 Words   |  4 Pages Biological and psychological perspectives seek to explain the underlying cause of criminal behavior through the means of individual genetic and mental ailments. However, these views are different from sociological aspects in that s ociological theories focus on environmental factors found among groups and do not account for genetic and personality traits of those who have come from both good and bad situations. 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Though these calculations require a second or so in your mind, in decomposing this choice, one finds a series of individual decisions contributing to the final. These subdecisions may â€Å"How much is milk worth my going to the store?† or â€Å"How much doesRead MoreHow Individual Employee s Behavior At Work Might Be Influenced By Different Factors1213 Words   |  5 PagesP1.3: Discussing how individual employee’s behavior at work might be influenced by different factors of GSK Around is a convinced way persons work in a precise circumstances. Not at all dualistic individuals act in comparable habits. There are personalities who discovery it problematic to holder pressure although present are positive individuals who have the capability to face sudden conditions with a smile. Personal: Employees possibly will practice a little spit and skill on certain of their abilities

Information Technology on Business Operations

Question: Discuss about the Information Technology on Business Operations. Answer: Introduction The concern of the present report is to identify the impact of information technology (IT) on one of the leading organizations of telecommunication Telstra. Therefore, following the concern, the paper would identify and evaluate significance of IT on sustaining the business operations of Telstra. Additionally, the report will attempt to understand the advantages and risks related with the implementation of IT in business. Henceforth, to understand the possible risks and advantages, the report will investigate in what ways and upon whom a business organization such as Telstra uses IT. Telstra and the importance of IT on the organization Prior to understand the significance and impact of IT in the business operations of Telstra, it is essential to denote that Telstra is considered as the largest enterprise for telecommunication and media. Therefore, it is easy to comprehend that the fundamental operations of Telstra chiefly depends on information technology. The organization is distinguished as the finest builder and operator of telecommunication networks and various media and entertainment products like mobile and internet access (Liu et al. 2013). According to Piotrowicz and Cuthbertson (2014), the role of IT is to unify and integrate telecommunications. On the other hand, the function of IT is regarded as one of the pillars of economic development for acquiring competitive advantage on national level. Henceforth, Telstras fundamental operation, which is to provide telecommunication access to the society, is understandably dependent upon the premise of Information technology. Telstra presently offers network application based softwares along with IP networks such as unified communications, cloud and industry solution and cable network to SMEs and individual customers. Therefore, it is understandable that from designing networks and establishing solutions for the network related problems to maintain flexible communication among the internal stakeholders, IT plays a dominant role in the operations of Telstra (Liu et al. 2013). Use of IT for holding sustainability In terms of sustaining the business operations for a long time, Telstra believes in improving its operational resilience, commercial sustainability along with corporate social responsibility. Organizations of Australia like Telstra have started to use IT as an apt instrumental solution for alleviating every kind of internal operational challenge. Most importantly, with the help of IT, telecommunication organizations like Telstra can maintain a proper flow of communication with their internal and external stakeholders. According to Drnevich and Croson (2013), business sustainability of an organization largely depends on how the organization is addressing their stakeholders needs through regular conversation. Requirement for implementing IT on Telstras business In terms of business survival for Telstra, it seems that Information Technology works as the lifeline. It is interesting to note that Telstra itself is a company that makes business on the role of IT. However, for a business organization like Telstra, implementation of Information and communication technology has been a requirement at the initial stage. It can be stated that for implementing IT, Telstra would have required a large amount of investment for acquiring equipments and their installation, a particular design and a training session for the employees (Chae et al. 2014). Considering Telstras service to provide telecommunication solutions to small and medium sized enterprise, it is understandable that a large amount of investment is required for implementing IT facilities. For example, installation of IT tools like cable and network testers, cable tools and butt sets are found to be essential for the basic activities of Telstra. On the other hand, to accomplish the functions o f the implemented IT equipments, it is essential to hire experienced employees or to provide adequate training. In this case, an organization like Telstra needs to prioritize providing hands-on Instructor led training (Workman 2014). For the business purpose of Telstra, training for providing solutions on network access problems is necessary. Therefore, from implementation to training, an enterprise like Telstra needs huge investments and potential infrastructures. Use of IT in different premises For the considered organization, the functions of IT are required equally for both internal and external stakeholders. Telstras service is predominantly oriented with network service, which is impossible to accomplish without the IT infrastructure. Therefore, the use of IT infrastructure is required for the employees of a telecommunication organization like Telstra, whose basic work is related with network service (Taylor 2015). For example, an operational IT infrastructure namely Integrated Operations Management is convenient to gather, monitor and analyze information from multiple internal sources of an organization. At the same time, it helps in managing multiple vendors and maintaining complex and hybrid technological environments of large head organizations. On the other side, Telstras suppliers who play a strong role in achieving the organizations agenda for sustainability are encouraged by the organization to reduce environmental impacts. Side by side, Telstra prefers to provide online support to their customers. For example, with the help of IT Telstra has already introduced smart application like Smart Home and SIM only plans for their clients. Therefore, it is understandable that the infrastructure of IT is used extensively to make necessary communication with the internal stakeholders and monitoring their performance along with supporting the customers with several applications (Argenti 2015). Benefits and advantages of IT It is needless to contemplate that IT has become an integral part of almost every modern business operations. From increasing communication to develop competitive advantages, IT infrastructure is a complete solution for a prosperous business. Predominantly, IT infrastructure supports in maintaining streamlined work flow and in increasing efficiency in a business, which leads to increase the profit margin. For an organization like Telstra, benefit of IT can be categorized among the following Increase the revenue margin Implementation of IT infrastructure in business helps in less amount of time for accomplishing a task. At the same time, with the growing development in the ground of technical innovation, installation of several IT instruments have become relatively affordable. Therefore, it is indicative of the fact that the biggest benefit of IT is, it saves production cost and saves an impressive amount of time. In terms of consequence, organizations achieve satisfying revenue margin through increasing productive amount (Taylor 2015). For an organization like Telstra, IT infrastructure not only helps in reaching and addressing their clients on time but also support the organization in creating loyal customers. Flexible communication Productivity is determined by communication or in other words, flexible communication fosters the decision-making process in a business and maximizes a companys volume of expansion in new territories. Nowadays, electronically based communication systems are also utilized for disseminating business information along with operational routines (Dinev et al. 2013). Therefore, in an organization like Telstra, IT equipments help in sending business reports or necessary business information to keep the employee well updated on any critical business projects. With the help of IT and ICT equipments, Teltras employees can stay well informed about new applications available for the clients and customer feedback regarding the companys service. Work remotely It is probably one of the most significant facilities of IT tools that it helps employees and clients to get easy access to an organizations electronic networks. Easy access of an organizations network helps in working in anytime from anywhere, which indicates growth in productivity as well as a fruitful and satisfying employee-customer relationship (Popovi? and Jakli? 2015). For Telstra, who desires to provide the facility to access network solution from anywhere to their customers, this particular beneficial feature of IT equipments seems to be more of an essential requirement (Willcocks 2013). For example, Telstra already uses its websites and numerous digital applications like Smart Home to help their clients, which has helped the organization to earn a huge success. Risks related to the use of IT It is unfortunate to denote that instead of having the capability to address every significant area of business efficiently, use of IT carries several risk related to privacy, confidentiality and security. Risk related to privacy and confidentiality It has been discussed that with the help of IT equipments, both customers and employees can easily access to an organizations network access. It paves the way for criminal IT threats like altering data for illegal benefit, stealing sensitive information and illegally breaking network privacy. On the other hand, due to malicious design of software computer operations can get disrupted and even create incorrect processing and disposal of important data (Borghoff and Pareschi 2013). Therefore, for Telstra there are several possibility that their technological operations and could fail due to software malfunctioning. Most significantly, Telstras implementation of several eye-catchy digital applications and the facility to get easy access to the company network can provoke the rival organizations to hack their system and can copy significant business data. On the other hand, there is the issue of virus, which can let any of the companys secret computer code to get copied and spread from o ne system to another and bringing several disruptions to the operation systems (Aykin 2016). Most significantly, as the productivity of Telstra chiefly depends upon IT equipments, any sudden malfunction or disruption can disturb the entire operation or production process. Therefore, probability of functional disruption is constant for an organization like Telstra (Aykin 2016). Way to monitor and maintain Considering the possible risks, it is significant to identify convenient monitoring and maintaining systems for IT equipments. For a telecommunication organization like Telstra, use of EPMC (Equipment performance monitoring service) can prove convenient (Jussila et al. 2014). To monitor whether any disruption related to IT is existing in the operation management, large head business organization like Telstra could effectively use EPMC that helps to deliver value to the operations through the process of producing validated information about all the technical equipments. (Bloom et al. 2014) Moreover, with the help of this service, an organization can more efficiently run their operational and production related process and at the same time can scheduled IT related activities and track the operating performances. Conclusion It has been understood from the above business report that IT has become an essential requirement for the modern day business operations as it helps in consuming less time and saves cost. Therefore, it has been identified that impressive amount of productivity comes with the use of IT. Alongside, IT infrastructure supports an organization like Telstra to maintain a flexible communication with their internal and external stakeholders. The report has pointed out that the considered organization Telstra uses IT for providing easy access to network solutions to their clients. However, considering possible risks related to IT, it can be recommended that, it is required to adopt the framework of Risk IT that is a set of guiding principles, help in effectively managing IT risks. However, prior to use guiding frameworks like Risk It, it is essential initially to identify and assess the risk factors. Furthermore, it is to suggest that enterprises like Telstra should review risk management systems after implementing them and should develop several plans to acquire responses. References Argenti, P.A., 2015.Corporate communication. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Aykin, N. ed., 2016.Usability and internationalization of information technology. CRC Press. Bloom, N., Garicano, L., Sadun, R. and Van Reenen, J., 2014. The distinct effects of information technology and communication technology on firm organization.Management Science,60(12), pp.2859-2885. Borghoff, U.M. and Pareschi, R. eds., 2013.Information technology for knowledge management. Springer Science Business Media. Chae, H.C., Koh, C.E. and Prybutok, V.R., 2014. Information Technology Capability and Firm Performance: Contradictory Findings and Their Possible Causes.Mis Quarterly,38(1), pp.305-326. Dinev, T., Xu, H., Smith, J.H. and Hart, P., 2013. Information privacy and correlates: an empirical attempt to bridge and distinguish privacy-related concepts.European Journal of Information Systems,22(3), pp.295-316. Drnevich, P.L. and Croson, D.C., 2013. Information technology and business-level strategy: Toward an integrated theoretical perspective.Mis Quarterly,37(2), pp.483-509. Jussila, J.J., Krkkinen, H. and Aramo-Immonen, H., 2014. Social media utilization in business-to-business relationships of technology industry firms.Computers in Human Behavior,30, pp.606-613. Liu, Z., Paul, M., Telekom, D., Kunze, R. and Mach Chen, H., 2013. Network Working Group Simon Delord (editor), Telstra Internet Draft Raymond Key (editor), Huawei Category: Standard Track Frederic Jounay, Orange CH Expires: August 2013 Yuji Kamite, NTT Communications. Piotrowicz, W. and Cuthbertson, R., 2014. Introduction to the special issue information technology in retail: Toward omnichannel retailing.International Journal of Electronic Commerce,18(4), pp.5-16. Popovi?, A. and Jakli?, J., 2015. Understanding the Influence of Business Intelligence Systems on Information Quality: The Importance of Business Knowledge.Business Intelligence: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications, p.96. Taylor, P., 2015. The importance of information and communication technologies (ICTs): An integration of the extant literature on ICT adoption in small and medium enterprises. Willcocks, L., 2013.Information management: the evaluation of information systems investments. Springer. Workman, M., 2014. New media and the changing face of information technology use: The importance of task pursuit, social influence, and experience.Computers in Human Behavior,31, pp.111-117.

The City of San Diego Essay Example

The City of San Diego Essay San Diego is considered one of the most attracting, enticing and interesting cities in the Southern California. Actually, the city is located in the southwest of the United Stated of America. San Diego’s population amounts more than one million people and, therefore, the city is claimed to be the second largest city in California and, consequently, the seventh largest city in America. San Diego is also a county seat of San Diego Country with area covering about 3 million people. San Diego is a beautiful natural harbor that managed to entice the Spanish missionary Father Junipero Serra who was too charmed by the city and, thus, decided to found the first series of missions in the city in the middle of the 17th century. San Diego is a seat of US primary Pacific naval base which was established during the World War II to defend US sea borders. (Official Website) Nowadays, San Diego is large metropolitan center being a year-around resort for tourists from the whole world. San Diego is a thriving commercial seaport possessing large naval base. Main advantage of the city is that, despite its large size, it seems less frenzied and congested that New York and Los Angeles. Today, the city encompasses several distinct communities spreading south and north along the foothills of the mountains. San Diego is seen as a fascinating combination of high-rise hotels, resorts and modern office buildings. The city is famous for its restored â€Å"Gas Lamp Quarter†. (Official Website) Visitors and tourists are allowed to see large convention centers, extensive yacht basins, unique shopping centers and variety of luxurious bars, clubs and restaurants. The city offers wide range of museums, one of the best zoos and other cultural attractions. San Diego International Airport makes it easier for tourists to reach the country and to breathe its heady air. Nevertheless, it is necessary to admit that life isn’t cheap in San Diego. According to recent estimations, the cost of living in San Diego exceeds such cities as New York and Chicago. Despite, the residents say that costs are nothing compared with alluring life in the city. (Official Website) We will write a custom essay sample on The City of San Diego specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The City of San Diego specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The City of San Diego specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer San Diego provides a significant base for technological researches and innovations due to the University of San Diego and the affiliated office of UCCSD Medical Center. Economy of the city is mostly agricultural, though special attention is paid to development of biological science, computer technologies, electronics manufacturing, financial and business services, defense-related manufacturing, telecommunications service, and, indeed, tourism. The number of tourists amounts hundreds of thousands annually. (Official Website) Climate and Weather Typically, San Diego has about 150 sunny days and about 120 party cloudy or rainy days annually. Therefore, the climate is considered a semi-arid warn steppe. It means that the city enjoys mostly sunny and mild weather throughout the whole year. Thus, the weather is hospitable having comfortable temperatures in all seasons. Winters are characterized by warm and sunny days, though the nights are rather cool. Summer days are pleasantly warm and breeze from the Pacific Ocean moderates the heat not to be tropically hot and sun. The city doesn’t have problems with air pollution compared with New York and Los Angeles. Speaking about average temperatures, they are varying from 57-72 Fahrenheit. The hottest periods are late summer and beginning of autumn. It goes without saying that colds, ice and snow rarely occur in the winter, they are present only inland from the coast. (Hagaman 2001) One interesting moment is local saying â€Å"May gray and June gloom† symbolizing that San Diego has often troubles with fog appearing in the mentioned months. The temperatures may significantly rise only on rare occasions, especially when Santa Anas (easterly winds) bring dry and hot air from deserts located inlands. Speaking about rainfall, they are mostly concentrated in the cooler seasons, in particular from December till March. Nevertheless, precipitations are lower than in other cities of the Western coat. Rains are rare in summer months; therefore, the city is subjected often to floods and droughts. Practically no hurricanes and thunderstorms are observed. Summing up, the comfortable weather is one more reason to visit or to reside in San Diego. Despite fogs and Santa Anas, the climate is really mild and tender for most people. (Steinberg 2005) Population, Demographics and Income According to estimates of 2000, San Diego amounts more 1,223,400 people. The number of households is 271,315 and the number of families residing in San Diego is more than 270,000. Thus, the density of population equaled in 2000 3,771.9 people per square mile. Today, the city is culturally diverse meaning that many races and ethnicities along with native population form city’s identity. Major residents include: white population – 46.4%, Hispanics – 25.4%, African Americans – 10.8%, Filipino Americans – 6.1%, Vietnamese – 2.2%; Native Americans – 1.3%, Chinese – 1.9%, Japanese – 0.8%, Korean – 0.6% and, finally, Asian Indian – 0.6%. Apparently, whites and Hispanics are dominant population within the city. (Official Website) Out of 450, 690 households about 30% had children under full age who lived with their parents. About 50% were married coupled living under one roof and about 10% were characterized by one female householder without husband. About 39% of households were non-families. About 28% of households in 2000 consisted of individuals, whereas about 7% were made up of aged people. The city’s population: 24.0% young people from 18-24; 34.0% people from 25-44; up to 19% middle aged people from 45-64; 10.5%- aged people over 65 years of age. Interestingly, according to statistics, for every hundred of females there were 101.7 males. Therefore, San Diego’s women are provided with better choices. (Official Website) Speaking about income, it is known that the median city income for a household equaled $45,733 meaning that the income for a family amounted $53,060. Men are observed to earn more than women $36,984 and $31,076 relatively. San Diego’s income per capital was about $23,600. It is necessary to admit that about 15% of residents live below the poverty line. Among those people are 20.0% of children under full age and about 8% of aged people over 65. (Official Website) Nevertheless, the positive trends are present in San Diego. According to estimations, in 2006 the median income has significantly increased. Thus, San Diego in 2006 had the 5th largest household income among cities with population over 250,000. Estimations for future indicate that in 2030 the city will have slightly large population with increased median household and per capita incomes. The city will be characterized by substantially different ethnic population. In particular, large ethnic groups such as Hawaiians and Hispanics will increase their population, whereas whites and African Americans will decrease. (Official Website) Tourism and Places of Interest As it is mentioned above San Diego welcomes visitors and tourists throughout the year. The city entails lots of culturally and historically interesting places, museums, monuments and simply beautiful places which are really worth visiting. Among places of interest are Birch Aquarium, nude Black’s Beach, Cabrillo National Monument, Miramar Airshow, Mount Soledad, Old Globe Theatre, Old Mission Dam, Presidio of San Diego, San Diego Wild Animal Park, Star of India, San Diego Zoo, Seaport Village and Sea World at Mission Bay. (What to See 2005) However, every tourist coming to San Diego should visit the beaches of Coronado Peninsula. Balboa Park, for example, contains numerous museums and one of the best zoos in the United States. Most tourists tend to visit Junipero Serra museum to listen to the history of the city and restored Mission San Diego. The city offers enticing boat excursion around the city harbor to sea the nave base and a stroll along embankment to see the famous Gas Lamp Quarter. More adventuresome tourists have an opportunity to arrange fishing excursions, air-combat experiences and hot air balloon rides. (What to See 2005) The city is also famous for its unique shopping centers situated downtown. Among them is Horton Plaza Shopping Center.   Small luxurious boutiques and shops can be easily found along the Embacadero and at the Fisherman’s Village. Old Town district tempts tourists. Among nearby attractions of San Diego is, certainly, Los Angeles being in two hours drive from the city. Los Angeles includes Hollywood, Beverly Hills, Long Beach and dozens of other communities. Actually, many tourists prefer visiting the city during Adams Avenue Roots Festival, Asian Film Festival, Comic-Con, Holiday Bowl, Open Air Book Fair, Over-the-line, Poinsettia Bowl, San Diego Pride Parade and Street Scene Music Festival. Employment Opportunities San Diego’s employees are provided with certain employment benefits and job opportunities. Employee Benefits Department of San Diego offers cafeteria benefits plans, ensures holiday rest and provides savings and retirement plans. â€Å"Cafeteria† plan responds to demands and changing needs of all employees because it allows them to select the benefits which they consider the best suited. For example, employees are provided with health insurance, life insurance, dental and vision plans, 401K retirement plan, medical reimbursement, illness protection plan and cash payments. (Employment Opportunities 2001) Saving plans are available for employees as well. There are two main saving plans – mandatory and optional saving plans. Mandatory plan provides â€Å"a convenient way for eligible employees to add to their savings for retirement income which will be independent of, and in addition to, City Employees Retirement System (CERS) benefits†. (Employment Opportunities 2001) Optional saving plans – 401K and deferred compensation, give and opportunity to place certain amount of salary into special account, where â€Å"it and the interest it earns are not subject to income taxation until they are actually paid out to the employee†. (Employment Opportunities 2001) Variety of jobs is available in the city. Despite the fact that unemployment is still present, many people tend to be promoted to ensure better future for themselves and their families. San Diego’s main income comes from tourism and, therefore, one-third of population is occupied in the related spher e. Cuisine The city is characterized by privileged position on the Pacific Ocean and comfortable climate. Therefore, San Diego’s residents enjoy abundance of quality dining. The city is provided with fresh organic products from Chino Farms and with tender wines from nearby Temecula and San Pasqual Valley. The city is ethnic and cultural mist and there is no surprise that it entails wide range of cuisines. For example, San Diego is charming mix of Mexican, Italian, Spanish, French, Greek, German, Latin, Asian, Indian and Filipino cuisines. Additionally, the city is famous for its seafood restaurants and steakhouses. Mexican restaurants are highly appreciated due to close proximity to Mexican border. However, the city has its own original homemade and haute cuisines. Due to favorable climate and open access to the Pacific Ocean San Diego is a center of fishing and growing vegetables and exotic fruits. San Diego benefits from tuna industry and supply of seafood. (Hagaman 2001) Among the famous Mexican dishes are rolled tacos, carne asada, burritos, enchiladas, fish tacos, ceviche and carne asada fries. Woodfired and California-style pizzas are appreciated among city’s population. Asian specialties and flavorings provide usual dishes with string and spicy tastes. No city can exist without original beer. San Diego’s brewing community amounts 22 brewpubs and one specialized brewery called Stone Brewing. City’s brewers are famous for pioneering Double India Pale Ale. San Diego locally produced sweet and hard apple cider, grows vegetables and fruits such as olives, eggplants, tomatoes, olives, avocados, mushrooms, lemons, limes, oranges, grapefruits, strawberries, apples, persimmons, melons and pomegranates. Actually, no resident or visitor remains indifferent to abundant and tasty cuisines because food production and supply is impressive. One can find food complying with personal preferences and tastes. (Steinberg 2005) Culture San Diego’s culture is diverse and vivid as well. It is known that city’s culture is greatly affected by tourism and, the city is trying to develop new tourist attractions and to improve existing ones as, for example, Zoo, Seaworld and Wild Animal Park. Spanish influence is observed in many historic sites throughout the city – Balboa Park and Spanish Missions. Balboa Park is famous for San Diego Museum of Art, the San Diego Museum of Man, the San Diego Natural History Museum and the Museum of Photography. La Jolla is famous for its Museum of Contemporary Art located in ocean front building. Historic ships are exhibited in the Maritime Museum. Art scene is small, though rapidly growing. For example, â€Å"Kettner Nights† arranges exhibitions in design stores and galleried on selected Fridays. â€Å"Ray at Night† contains small art galleried and arranges exhibitions on Saturdays each month. (Steinberg 2005) The San Diego Symphony regularly performs and the San Diego Opera is ranked as one of the best opera companies in the country. Old Globe Theatre produces more than 10 musicals and play annually. Other smaller theatres produce dancing, musical and theatrical shows. San Diego is known also for its annual Gay Pride Parade. The crowds usually exceed 100,000 people. The city has great index of gay and lesbian population in Southern California and the index is higher even than in Los Angeles. (Hagaman 2001) Summing up, San Diego is a modern American city being ethnically and culturally diverse. The climatic and weather conditions allow comfortable living and city’s cuisines impress due to their mixture of tastes and flavors. The city is of historical important and large number of museums proves that fact. San Diego’s employees are provided with wide range of job opportunities and benefits. The City of San Diego Essay Example The City of San Diego Essay San Diego is considered one of the most attracting, enticing and interesting cities in the Southern California. Actually, the city is located in the southwest of the United Stated of America. San Diego’s population amounts more than one million people and, therefore, the city is claimed to be the second largest city in California and, consequently, the seventh largest city in America. San Diego is also a county seat of San Diego Country with area covering about 3 million people. San Diego is a beautiful natural harbor that managed to entice the Spanish missionary Father Junipero Serra who was too charmed by the city and, thus, decided to found the first series of missions in the city in the middle of the 17th century. San Diego is a seat of US primary Pacific naval base which was established during the World War II to defend US sea borders. (Official Website) Nowadays, San Diego is large metropolitan center being a year-around resort for tourists from the whole world. San Diego is a thriving commercial seaport possessing large naval base. Main advantage of the city is that, despite its large size, it seems less frenzied and congested that New York and Los Angeles. Today, the city encompasses several distinct communities spreading south and north along the foothills of the mountains. San Diego is seen as a fascinating combination of high-rise hotels, resorts and modern office buildings. The city is famous for its restored â€Å"Gas Lamp Quarter†. (Official Website) Visitors and tourists are allowed to see large convention centers, extensive yacht basins, unique shopping centers and variety of luxurious bars, clubs and restaurants. The city offers wide range of museums, one of the best zoos and other cultural attractions. San Diego International Airport makes it easier for tourists to reach the country and to breathe its heady air. Nevertheless, it is necessary to admit that life isn’t cheap in San Diego. According to recent estimations, the cost of living in San Diego exceeds such cities as New York and Chicago. Despite, the residents say that costs are nothing compared with alluring life in the city. (Official Website) We will write a custom essay sample on The City of San Diego specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The City of San Diego specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The City of San Diego specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer San Diego provides a significant base for technological researches and innovations due to the University of San Diego and the affiliated office of UCCSD Medical Center. Economy of the city is mostly agricultural, though special attention is paid to development of biological science, computer technologies, electronics manufacturing, financial and business services, defense-related manufacturing, telecommunications service, and, indeed, tourism. The number of tourists amounts hundreds of thousands annually. (Official Website) Climate and Weather Typically, San Diego has about 150 sunny days and about 120 party cloudy or rainy days annually. Therefore, the climate is considered a semi-arid warn steppe. It means that the city enjoys mostly sunny and mild weather throughout the whole year. Thus, the weather is hospitable having comfortable temperatures in all seasons. Winters are characterized by warm and sunny days, though the nights are rather cool. Summer days are pleasantly warm and breeze from the Pacific Ocean moderates the heat not to be tropically hot and sun. The city doesn’t have problems with air pollution compared with New York and Los Angeles. Speaking about average temperatures, they are varying from 57-72 Fahrenheit. The hottest periods are late summer and beginning of autumn. It goes without saying that colds, ice and snow rarely occur in the winter, they are present only inland from the coast. (Hagaman 2001) One interesting moment is local saying â€Å"May gray and June gloom† symbolizing that San Diego has often troubles with fog appearing in the mentioned months. The temperatures may significantly rise only on rare occasions, especially when Santa Anas (easterly winds) bring dry and hot air from deserts located inlands. Speaking about rainfall, they are mostly concentrated in the cooler seasons, in particular from December till March. Nevertheless, precipitations are lower than in other cities of the Western coat. Rains are rare in summer months; therefore, the city is subjected often to floods and droughts. Practically no hurricanes and thunderstorms are observed. Summing up, the comfortable weather is one more reason to visit or to reside in San Diego. Despite fogs and Santa Anas, the climate is really mild and tender for most people. (Steinberg 2005) Population, Demographics and Income According to estimates of 2000, San Diego amounts more 1,223,400 people. The number of households is 271,315 and the number of families residing in San Diego is more than 270,000. Thus, the density of population equaled in 2000 3,771.9 people per square mile. Today, the city is culturally diverse meaning that many races and ethnicities along with native population form city’s identity. Major residents include: white population – 46.4%, Hispanics – 25.4%, African Americans – 10.8%, Filipino Americans – 6.1%, Vietnamese – 2.2%; Native Americans – 1.3%, Chinese – 1.9%, Japanese – 0.8%, Korean – 0.6% and, finally, Asian Indian – 0.6%. Apparently, whites and Hispanics are dominant population within the city. (Official Website) Out of 450, 690 households about 30% had children under full age who lived with their parents. About 50% were married coupled living under one roof and about 10% were characterized by one female householder without husband. About 39% of households were non-families. About 28% of households in 2000 consisted of individuals, whereas about 7% were made up of aged people. The city’s population: 24.0% young people from 18-24; 34.0% people from 25-44; up to 19% middle aged people from 45-64; 10.5%- aged people over 65 years of age. Interestingly, according to statistics, for every hundred of females there were 101.7 males. Therefore, San Diego’s women are provided with better choices. (Official Website) Speaking about income, it is known that the median city income for a household equaled $45,733 meaning that the income for a family amounted $53,060. Men are observed to earn more than women $36,984 and $31,076 relatively. San Diego’s income per capital was about $23,600. It is necessary to admit that about 15% of residents live below the poverty line. Among those people are 20.0% of children under full age and about 8% of aged people over 65. (Official Website) Nevertheless, the positive trends are present in San Diego. According to estimations, in 2006 the median income has significantly increased. Thus, San Diego in 2006 had the 5th largest household income among cities with population over 250,000. Estimations for future indicate that in 2030 the city will have slightly large population with increased median household and per capita incomes. The city will be characterized by substantially different ethnic population. In particular, large ethnic groups such as Hawaiians and Hispanics will increase their population, whereas whites and African Americans will decrease. (Official Website) Tourism and Places of Interest As it is mentioned above San Diego welcomes visitors and tourists throughout the year. The city entails lots of culturally and historically interesting places, museums, monuments and simply beautiful places which are really worth visiting. Among places of interest are Birch Aquarium, nude Black’s Beach, Cabrillo National Monument, Miramar Airshow, Mount Soledad, Old Globe Theatre, Old Mission Dam, Presidio of San Diego, San Diego Wild Animal Park, Star of India, San Diego Zoo, Seaport Village and Sea World at Mission Bay. (What to See 2005) However, every tourist coming to San Diego should visit the beaches of Coronado Peninsula. Balboa Park, for example, contains numerous museums and one of the best zoos in the United States. Most tourists tend to visit Junipero Serra museum to listen to the history of the city and restored Mission San Diego. The city offers enticing boat excursion around the city harbor to sea the nave base and a stroll along embankment to see the famous Gas Lamp Quarter. More adventuresome tourists have an opportunity to arrange fishing excursions, air-combat experiences and hot air balloon rides. (What to See 2005) The city is also famous for its unique shopping centers situated downtown. Among them is Horton Plaza Shopping Center.   Small luxurious boutiques and shops can be easily found along the Embacadero and at the Fisherman’s Village. Old Town district tempts tourists. Among nearby attractions of San Diego is, certainly, Los Angeles being in two hours drive from the city. Los Angeles includes Hollywood, Beverly Hills, Long Beach and dozens of other communities. Actually, many tourists prefer visiting the city during Adams Avenue Roots Festival, Asian Film Festival, Comic-Con, Holiday Bowl, Open Air Book Fair, Over-the-line, Poinsettia Bowl, San Diego Pride Parade and Street Scene Music Festival. Employment Opportunities San Diego’s employees are provided with certain employment benefits and job opportunities. Employee Benefits Department of San Diego offers cafeteria benefits plans, ensures holiday rest and provides savings and retirement plans. â€Å"Cafeteria† plan responds to demands and changing needs of all employees because it allows them to select the benefits which they consider the best suited. For example, employees are provided with health insurance, life insurance, dental and vision plans, 401K retirement plan, medical reimbursement, illness protection plan and cash payments. (Employment Opportunities 2001) Saving plans are available for employees as well. There are two main saving plans – mandatory and optional saving plans. Mandatory plan provides â€Å"a convenient way for eligible employees to add to their savings for retirement income which will be independent of, and in addition to, City Employees Retirement System (CERS) benefits†. (Employment Opportunities 2001) Optional saving plans – 401K and deferred compensation, give and opportunity to place certain amount of salary into special account, where â€Å"it and the interest it earns are not subject to income taxation until they are actually paid out to the employee†. (Employment Opportunities 2001) Variety of jobs is available in the city. Despite the fact that unemployment is still present, many people tend to be promoted to ensure better future for themselves and their families. San Diego’s main income comes from tourism and, therefore, one-third of population is occupied in the related spher e. Cuisine The city is characterized by privileged position on the Pacific Ocean and comfortable climate. Therefore, San Diego’s residents enjoy abundance of quality dining. The city is provided with fresh organic products from Chino Farms and with tender wines from nearby Temecula and San Pasqual Valley. The city is ethnic and cultural mist and there is no surprise that it entails wide range of cuisines. For example, San Diego is charming mix of Mexican, Italian, Spanish, French, Greek, German, Latin, Asian, Indian and Filipino cuisines. Additionally, the city is famous for its seafood restaurants and steakhouses. Mexican restaurants are highly appreciated due to close proximity to Mexican border. However, the city has its own original homemade and haute cuisines. Due to favorable climate and open access to the Pacific Ocean San Diego is a center of fishing and growing vegetables and exotic fruits. San Diego benefits from tuna industry and supply of seafood. (Hagaman 2001) Among the famous Mexican dishes are rolled tacos, carne asada, burritos, enchiladas, fish tacos, ceviche and carne asada fries. Woodfired and California-style pizzas are appreciated among city’s population. Asian specialties and flavorings provide usual dishes with string and spicy tastes. No city can exist without original beer. San Diego’s brewing community amounts 22 brewpubs and one specialized brewery called Stone Brewing. City’s brewers are famous for pioneering Double India Pale Ale. San Diego locally produced sweet and hard apple cider, grows vegetables and fruits such as olives, eggplants, tomatoes, olives, avocados, mushrooms, lemons, limes, oranges, grapefruits, strawberries, apples, persimmons, melons and pomegranates. Actually, no resident or visitor remains indifferent to abundant and tasty cuisines because food production and supply is impressive. One can find food complying with personal preferences and tastes. (Steinberg 2005) Culture San Diego’s culture is diverse and vivid as well. It is known that city’s culture is greatly affected by tourism and, the city is trying to develop new tourist attractions and to improve existing ones as, for example, Zoo, Seaworld and Wild Animal Park. Spanish influence is observed in many historic sites throughout the city – Balboa Park and Spanish Missions. Balboa Park is famous for San Diego Museum of Art, the San Diego Museum of Man, the San Diego Natural History Museum and the Museum of Photography. La Jolla is famous for its Museum of Contemporary Art located in ocean front building. Historic ships are exhibited in the Maritime Museum. Art scene is small, though rapidly growing. For example, â€Å"Kettner Nights† arranges exhibitions in design stores and galleried on selected Fridays. â€Å"Ray at Night† contains small art galleried and arranges exhibitions on Saturdays each month. (Steinberg 2005) The San Diego Symphony regularly performs and the San Diego Opera is ranked as one of the best opera companies in the country. Old Globe Theatre produces more than 10 musicals and play annually. Other smaller theatres produce dancing, musical and theatrical shows. San Diego is known also for its annual Gay Pride Parade. The crowds usually exceed 100,000 people. The city has great index of gay and lesbian population in Southern California and the index is higher even than in Los Angeles. (Hagaman 2001) Summing up, San Diego is a modern American city being ethnically and culturally diverse. The climatic and weather conditions allow comfortable living and city’s cuisines impress due to their mixture of tastes and flavors. The city is of historical important and large number of museums proves that fact. San Diego’s employees are provided with wide range of job opportunities and benefits.